the world after world war I Flashcards
Atatürk
Turkish army officer, reformer, and first president of the modern Republic of Turkey after the Ottoman defeat in WWI, means “father of the Turks”
Anti-semitism
term coined in late 19th century that was associated with a prejudice against Jews and the political, social, and economic actions taken against them
Indian National Congress
founded in 1885; dedicated to struggle against British rule
mandate system
system that developed in the wake of WWI when the former colonies ended up mandates under European control, a thinly veiled attempt at continuing
Mao Zedong
created Maoism (peasants rather than urban proletariats were foundation for successful revolution); emerged as leader of Chinese communist movement
Sigmund Freud
found that conflict between conscious and subconscious led to neurotic behavior; believed that dreams held key to deepest recesses of human psyche; convinced theory psychoanalysis proved keys to understanding all humans
Mohandas K. Gandhi
remarkable and charismatic leader; embraced moral philosophy of ahimsa (tolerance and nonviolence) an developed technique of satyagraha (truth and firmness); turned Indian National Congress into organization that became an effective instruction of Indian nationalism when he returned in 1915; wanted to eradicate injustices of caste system; called on Indians to boycott British goods/schools/offices/courts and disagreed about industrialization of India
economic nationalism
economic policies pursued by many governments affected by the Great Depression in which the nation tries to become economically self-sufficient by imposing high tariffs on foreign goods
Chinese Communist Party
created in 1921 after some Chinese became interested in Marxism
May Fourth Movement
Chinese movement that began May 4th 1919 with a desire to eliminate imperialist influences and promote national unity
Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-Shek)
assumed leadership of Guomindang after death of Sun Yatsen; launched a political and military offensive that aimed to unify the nation and bring China under Guomindang rule; turned against his former communist allies toward the end of his successful campaign
Guomindang
Chinese nationalist party founded by Sun Yatsen and later led by Jiang Jieshi
Ahimsa
Jain term for the principle of nonviolence to other living things or their souls
Great Depression
economic slump in North America, Europe, and other industrialized areas of the world that began in 1929 and lasted until about 1939; caused by overproduction of certain materials which decreased the price/demand which led to firing of workers
The Long March
1934 communists started march to Yan’an which was 6215 miles
