imperialism vocab quiz

Question 1

scientific racism

Answer 1

19th century attempt to justify racism by scientific means

Question 2

sepoy rebellion

Answer 2

Indian sepoys that didn’t want to cooperate w British East India company –> formed deadly uprising; discontent got worse when rumor circulated that rifle cartridges were lubricated with pig/cow fat

Question 3

King Leopold II

Answer 3

founded Congo Free State; extracted tons of ivory/rubber to make a fortune for himself; under his regime millions of people died

Question 4

self-strengthening movement

Answer 4

Chinese attempt in 1860-1895 to blend Chinese cultural traditions with European industrial technology

Question 5

Roosevelt Corollary

Answer 5

an addition to the Monroe Doctrine articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt; United States had the right to exercise military force in Latin American countries in order to keep European countries out

Question 6

civilizing mission

Answer 6

mission civilsatrice in French; a justification of why expansion was necessary– needed to civilize the Africans

Question 7

direct rule

Answer 7

a system of government in which a province is controlled by a central government

Question 8

scramble for Africa

Answer 8

period between about 1875-1900 in which European powers sought to colonize as much of Africa as possible

Question 9

Meiji Restoration

Answer 9

restoration of imperial rule under emperor Meiji in 1868 by a colation led by Fukuzawa Yukichi and Ito Hirobumi; the restoration enacted western reforms to strengthen Japan

Question 10

Mughal Dynasty

Answer 10

islamic dynasty that ruled India from the 16th through the 18th century

Question 11

British East India Company

Answer 11

company that traded with India and Asia; made the British empire grow

Question 12

white man’s burden

Answer 12

duty of European/Euro-American people to bring order/enlightenment to distant lands

Question 13

Boxer rebellion

Answer 13

violent movement led by militia units aka Society of Righteous and Harmonious fists; went on a rampage in northern china killings foreigners/Chinese christians/Chinese with ties to foreigners

Question 14

social darwinism

Answer 14

19th century philosophy that attempted to apply Darwinian idea “survival of the fittest” to social/political realm

Question 15

Berlin Conference

Answer 15

meeting organized by German chancellor Otto von Bismarck in 1884-1885 that provided the justification for European colonization of Africa

Question 16

Matthew C. Perry

Answer 16

American commander; demanded shogun (commander in chief) to open Japan to diplomatic and commercial relations and sign a treaty of friendship

Question 17

Taiping Rebellion

Answer 17

rebellion from 1850-1864 in Qing China led by Hong Xiuquan, 20-30 million were kiled; rebellion = symbol of Chinese decline in 19th century

Question 18

Meiji Restoration

Answer 18

restoration of imperial rule under emperor Meiji in 1868 by a coalition led by Fukuzawa Yukichi and Ito Hirobumi; the restoration enacted western reforms to strengthen Japan

Question 19

indirect rule

Answer 19

a system of government of one nation by another in which the governed people retain certain administrative, legal, and other powers

Question 20

popular racism

Answer 20

representatives of imperial/colonial powers routinely adopted racist views on basis of personal experience

Question 21

Cecil Rhodes

Answer 21

diamond/gold miner; founded Rhodesia

Question 22

Opium Wars

Answer 22

British were mad at Chinese action to destroy 20,000 chest of opium –> retaliated with military/navy strength

Question 23

Casement report

Answer 23

1904 document written by the British diplomat Roger Casement that detailed abuses in Congo Free State

Question 24

new imperialism

Answer 24

expansion of European powers and their conquest and colonization of African and Asian societies (16th-19th centuries)

Question 25

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 25

American doctrine issued in 1823 by President James Monroe that warned Europeans to keep their hands off of Latin America; expressed growing American imperialistic views for that territory