The Wet Eye Flashcards
What is epiphora?
Ocular discharge
What are the two broad categories of epiphora causes?
Increased tearing
Drainage problems
What nerve innervates the cornea?
CNV
What causes increased tearing?
CNV irritation
- anything that irritates cornea e.g. ulcer, FB
What can cause drainage problems?
Cherry eye
Eyelid abnormality - en/ectropion
Blockage of the nasolacrimal system
Name some of the causes of corneal irritation
Districhiasis Trichiasis Ectopic cilia FB Corneal ulceration
Lymphoplasmocytic infiltrate of cornea or 3rd eyelid
Mass
Entropion
What is districhiasis?
Hair growing from abnormal place e.g. MEIBOMIAN gland
What is trichiasis?
Hair in normal place irritating the eye e.g. prominent nasal folds
What are ectopic cilia?
How are they different from what occurs in distichiasis?
How do they present?
Hair grows from meibomian gland
Emerge on the INSIDE of the eyelid on the conjunctival surface
DORSAL elliptical corneal ulcer
Where can FBs be found?
Conjunctival sac and behind third eyelid
How does cherry eye cause epiphora?
Displaces lower eyelid preventing drainage through the lacrimal punctum
Also irritates cornea
What is Pannus?
An abnormal layer of fibrovascular/granulation tissue formation
What is pannus in the eye also referred to as?
Chronic superficial keratitis
What causes lymphoplasmocytic infiltration of the cornea?
What can be seen?
Autoimmune attack of cornea
Pigment deposition, BVs growing into cornea
Pannus
What do you call LPI of the nicitating membrane?
What other CS?
Plasmoma
Areas of the third eyelid DEPIGMENTED
Appears raised and margin can be irregular
How likely is an eyelid mass to metastasise?
Most are benign
Why should you remove an eyelid mass?
Irritates cornea
What is macroblepharon?
Eyelid too big
Can see a lot of sclera
What is entropion?
Eyelid rolls inwards and hair touches cornea
How should entropion in puppies be managed?
Tacking sutures temp measure
TOO YOUNG to undergo definitive surgery
What can cause entropion?
Extreme conformations
Elderly - lax tissues and reduced retro-orbital fat
Secondary to Blepharospasm - spastic entropion
How can you differentiate between primary and secondary entropion ?
Local anaesthetic
How can you diagnose nasolacrimal blockage?
Jones test
What clinical signs are associated with nasolacrimal blockage?
Unilateral Chronic discharge
What can cause a nasolacrimal blockage?
FB
Idiopathic - unidentified debris
Retrobulbar mass - blocks lacrimal puncta
Invasive intranasal mass - blocks duct
