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TCM100 > The Vital Substances > Flashcards

The Vital Substances Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 vital substances?

A
  1. Qi
  2. Blood
  3. Body Fluids
  4. Essense
  5. Shen
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2
Q

What are the 6 functions of Qi?

A
  1. Promoting: Growth & development
  2. Warming: Warmth maintained by readjusting Qi.
  3. Defence: Wei Qi protects the body from exterior attacks
  4. Checking: maintains homeostasis
  5. Nourishing: Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi)
  6. Qi Hua: Functions of organs
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3
Q

What are the 6 types of Qi?

A
  1. Yuan Qi/ original Qi
  2. Food Qi/ Gu Qi
  3. Zong Qi/ Gathering Qi
  4. Ying Qi/ Nutrative Qi
  5. Wei Qi/ Defensive Qi
  6. Zang-Fu Qi/ Organ Qi
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4
Q

What Qi is rooted in kidneys & transported by San Jiao?

A

Yuan Qi/ Original Qi

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5
Q

What Qi is inherited and delivered from pre-heaven essence?

A

Yuan Qi/ Original Qi

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6
Q

What supplements & nourishes Yuan Qi/ Original Qi?

A

food essence

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7
Q

What depletes Yuan Qi/Original Qi (4)?

A
  1. Excess activity/lack of rest
  2. Prolonged illness
  3. Increased ejaculations
  4. Increased Pregnancies
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8
Q

What is the relationship between Yuan Qi & Zang-Fu activity?

A

The greater the Yuan Qi (original Qi), the greater the Zang-Fu (organ Qi) activity & vice versa.

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9
Q

What Qi is known as grains of Qi?

A

Food Qi/ Gu Qi

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10
Q

What is food Qi/ Gu Qi?

A
  • The first transformation of food into Qi.
  • Food enters stomach and is rotted & ripened and transformed into Food Qi by the spleen.
  • not yet a usable form of Qi by the body (not refined)
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11
Q

Where are 2 places that Food Qi/ Gu Qi go?

A
  1. Rises to lungs & combines with air to become Zong Qi/ Gathering Qi.
  2. Goes to heart, where it is transformed into blood.
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12
Q

What forms gathering Qi/ Zong Qi?

A

Interaction of Food Qi/ Gu Qi with air

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13
Q

Which Qi is closely related to the function of the heart and lungs by helping them push Qi & blood to the limbs?

A

Zong Qi/ Gathering Qi

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14
Q

Which Qi gathers in the throat & assists with speech?

A

Zong Qi/ Gathering Qi

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15
Q

What are 3 other names for true Qi?

A

Zhen Qi, Vital Qi, Righteous Qi

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16
Q

What is true Qi/Zhen Qi are how is it formed?

A

-Last stage of transformation of Qi.
-Original Qi catalyzes the formation of True Qi from Gathering/Zong Qi.

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17
Q

What are the 2 forms that True/Zhen Qi assume?

A
  1. Nutritive/ Ying Qi
  2. Defensive/ Wei Qi
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18
Q

What makes up Ying Qi/ Nutritive Qi?

A
  • From food extracted by spleen & stomach.
  • Refined Qi from food, air & Yuan Qi/Original Qi.
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19
Q

Function of Ying Qi/ Nutritive Qi?

A

Nourished the internal organs.

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20
Q

Which Qi is closely linked with blood flow in channels & blood vessels?

A

Nutritive /Ying Qi

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21
Q

What are the functions of Wei/ Defensive Qi (6)?

A
  1. Defends against external pathogens (heat, wind, cold, dampness)
  2. Protects the muscular surface
  3. Controls the opening of pores
  4. Moistens the skin & hair
  5. Makes adjustments of body temperature
  6. Warms up Zhang Fu Organs.
22
Q

What is Zang-Fu/ Organ Qi?

A

Function of organs.
Zang = yin organ = solid organ
Fu = Yang organ = hallow organ

23
Q

Other Qi to consider (2)?

A
  1. Meridian Qi
  2. Zhong Qi: Middle Qi
24
Q

What forms blood?

A

Mainly Food/ Gu Qi which is derived from stomach/spleen & rises to chest where it is acted upon by Yuan/ Original Qi

25
Q

When is blood termed completed blood?

A

Once it is sent to the heart turns red.

26
Q

Blood functions (5)?

A
  1. Nourishment & moisture: movement of eyes/limbs.
  2. Nourishes hair, sinews, bones & bowels.
  3. Foundation of mental activities, houses the mind.
  4. Circulates with Ying/ Nutritive Qi.
  5. Determines menstruation.
27
Q

What organs governs, makes, and stores blood?

A

Governs = heart
Makes = spleen
Stores = liver

28
Q

Is Qi and blood Yang or Yin?

A

Qi = yang - energy moves blood
Blood = Yin = gives body nutritional substance

**Qi is the commander of blood & blood is the motor of Qi **

29
Q

Function of body fluids?

A

To moisten skin, muscles, organs, mucous membranes and orifices.

30
Q

Two classification of body fluids & their properties, location & functions.

A
  1. Thin fluids/ Jin
    - clear & watery
    - found on mucous membranes & the skin
    - Warm & nourish muscles & moisten skin
  2. Thick Fluids/ Ye
    - turbid & visors
    - found in bowels, brain, bones, and viscera
    -lubricate joint cavities, bone marrow & CSF
31
Q

What does Jin & Ye circulate with?

A

Jin/thin fluid: defensive Qi
Ye/Thick fluid: Nutritive Qi (becomes fluid portion of blood)

32
Q

What organ controls Jin & Ye?

A

Jin/ Thin Fluid: controlled by lung
Ye/Thick Fluid: controlled by spleen & kidney

33
Q

Explain fluid metabolism.

A
  1. Begins in stomach where fluid are churned & separated
  2. Spleen further separates fluid:
    - Pure ascends to lungs
    - Impure descends to small intestine
  3. Lungs send more refined to skin and less refined to kidney
    -kidney sends seam to lungs to keep them moist
  4. Small intestine further separates:
    - sends pure to stomach & spleen
    -sends impure to large intestine & bladder (excreted)
34
Q

What is essence and another name for it?

A

-Jing
-primary substance for growth & material (genetic substance)

35
Q

What are the 2 types of essence and what is their differences?

A
  1. Prenantal Essence
    - from parents
    -nourishes embryo
    -creates individuality
  2. Postnatal Essence
    - from food & fluids daily
    - easiest to change/improve
36
Q

What happens at 8 yrs old (men)?

A

Essence is full
-hair is grown, teeth change

37
Q

What happens at 16 yrs old (men)?

A

Essence is abundant.
-Water of heaven arrives, Jing Qi flows, Yin & yang are in harmony, man is fertile

38
Q

What happens at 24 yrs old (men)?

A

Essense plateaus:
-tendons & bones are strong, wisdom teeth come, growth at peak.

39
Q

What happens at 32 yrs old (men)?

A

tendons & bones are strongest, flesh is full & strong

40
Q

What happens at 40 yrs old (men)?

A

Essence is weaker.
-hair falls out, teeth loose

41
Q

What happens at 48 yrs old (men)?

A

Yang Qi is exhausted.
-face darkens, hair whitens

42
Q

What happens at 56 yrs old (men)?

A

Liver (essence) weakened.
-tendons cannot move, Dew of heaven used up, little semen, kidney is weak, appearance & body at their end.

43
Q

What happens at 64 yrs old (men)?

A

hair & teeth gone

44
Q

What happens at 7 yrs old (women)?

A

Essence is abundant.
-Teeth changes & hair is growing.

45
Q

What happens at 14 yrs old (women)?

A

Dew of heaven arrives.
-Conception meridian flows, penetrating extra meridian is full, menses come, women can concieve.

46
Q

What happens at 21 yrs old (women)?

A

Essence plateaus.
-Wisdom teeth come in & grow at peak.

47
Q

What happens at 28 yrs old (women)?

A

tendons and bones are strong, and hair is growing at peak.

48
Q

What happens at 35 yrs old (women)?

A

Yang brightness meridian weakens, face begins to darken, hair falls out

49
Q

What happens at 42 yrs old (women)?

A

3 yang meridians are weak, face is dark, & hair turns white

50
Q

What happens at 49 yrs old (women)?

A

Conception meridian is deficient, penetrating extra meridian is exhausted, water of heaven is dried up, the menses (earth road) is not open
= weakness & infertility set in

51
Q

What is Shen, what organ is it related to, and what is it responsible for?

A

Shen = mind
-closely related to heart
-responsible for mental activities (thinking, memory, wisdom, feelings, senses, memory, cognition etc)

TCM100 (5 decks)

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