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TCM100 > 8 Principals & 6 Pathogenic Factors > Flashcards

8 Principals & 6 Pathogenic Factors Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 8 Principals?

A
  1. Yin-Yang
  2. Exterior-Interior
  3. Heat-Cold
  4. Excess-Deficiency
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2
Q

Difference between exterior and interior?

A

Interior: internal organs are affected

Exterior: skin, muscles, channels, space between skin & muscles where Wei Qi & sweat are located are first invaded by an external pathogenic factor

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3
Q

Symptoms for exterior (5)?

A
  1. Aversion to cold
  2. Fever
  3. Aching body
  4. Stiff neck
  5. floating pulse
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4
Q

Difference between heat & cold?

A

Heat: feeling hot, fever, sweating, thirst

Cold: feeling of cold, cold limbs, absence of thirst

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5
Q

Full or empty Cold?

Dull-white face,
Dull pain worse with pressure,
worse after bowel movement,
weak slow deep pulse,
thin white coating on tongue

A

Empty cold (yang deficient)

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6
Q

Full or empty cold?

Bright white face,
sharp pain worse with pressure,
better after bowl movement,
full tight deep pulse,
thick white coating on tongue

A

Full Cold (Yin excess)

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7
Q

Full or empty heat?

Red face,
wants cold water,
restless & agitated,
constipation,
abdominal pain,
profuse bleeding,
full rapid pulse,
red tongue with yellow coating

A

Full heat (yang excess)

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8
Q

Full or empty heat?

Malar flush,
small sips of water,
thin red line in eyes,
low grade fever,
vague anxiety,
dry stools,
no pain,
slight bleeding,
empty rapid pulse,
red tongue

A

empty heat (yin deficient)

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9
Q

Excess vs deficient?

A

Excess: Characterized by a presence of a pathogenic factor while upright Qi is intact & fighting against pathogen.

Deficient: Characterized by emptiness of upright Qi & absence of pathogenic factor.

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10
Q

Patterns seen in excess (3)?

A

-pain worse with pressure
-irritability & restlessness
-strong voice

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11
Q

4 deficiency patterns?

A
  1. Empty Qi
  2. Empty Yang
  3. Empty Yin
  4. Empty Blood
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12
Q

Which deficiency pattern is:
- Pale Face,
weak voice,
slight sweating,
slight shortness of breath,
fatigue,
loose stools,
poor appetite.

A

Empty Qi

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13
Q

Which deficiency pattern is:
-Bright pale face,
cold limbs,
absence of thirst,
hot drink desire,
frequent pale urination

A

Empty Yang

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14
Q

Which deficiency pattern is:
- Heat in afternoon,
Dry throat at night,
night sweats

A

Empty Yin

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15
Q

Which deficiency pattern is:
-dull & pale face,
dry hair,
blurred vision,
tiredness,
poor memory,
insomnia,
scanty periods

A

Empty blood

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16
Q

External & internal cause of disease?

A

External: pathogens that attack body from the outside

Internal: stress & emotional problems, diet, drugs, alcohol, meds, overwork, & external pathogens that penetrate the interior.
-damage organ systems & cause lack of functioning.

17
Q

What are the pathogenic factors (6)?

A
  1. Wind
  2. Cold
  3. Heat
  4. Dampness
  5. Dryness
  6. Summer heat
18
Q

Which pathogenic factor is:
-a source for others to enter
-arises quickly & changes rapidly
-moves around

A

wind

19
Q

What organ is affected by external & internal wind?

A

External: lungs
Internal: liver

20
Q

What symptoms does wind cause (4)?

A

tremors, convulsions, stiffness, paralysis

21
Q

Where does wind invade (2)?

A

muscle & channels: stiffness, rigidity, muscle contraction with sudden onset

Joints: pain in joints (esp upper body)

22
Q

Internal wind symptoms?

A
  • tremors, tics, itchy, severe dizziness, vertigo
  • severe cases: convulsions, unconsciousness, hemiplegia
    -deviation of tongue & mouth
23
Q

Wind: cold or Wind: heat?

aversion to cold/wind, chills, sneezing, cough & runny nose w/ white discharge, body stiffness & aches, floating pulse (or no change), no change in tongue

A

wind: cold

24
Q

Wind: cold or Wind: heat

Aversion to wind/heat, fever, sneezing, cough & runny nose with yellow discharge, itchy/sore throat, swollen tonsils, red throat, superficial pulse (or no change), no change in tongue

A

wind heat

25
Q

What pathogenic factor injures yang, contracts & congeals, and causes clear discharge?

A

cold

26
Q

Which pathogenic factor:

-sleepiness,
severe localized pain improved by heat,
white tongue coating & body discharge,
slow pulse,
craves warmth, aversion to cold, feels cold,
pale complexion, lack of thirst, loose stool, clear & pale urine

A

cold

27
Q

What pathogenic factor is yang in nature, drying damaging to blood & yin, may cause bleeding, & affects the mind?

A

Heat

28
Q

Which pathogenic factor has the ability to cause wind?

A

Heat

29
Q

Which pathogenic factor:

-high fever, desires cold, aversion to heat,
-redness: skin, face, eyes & complexion
-thirst
-constipation or foul smelling diarrhea
- scanty yellow urine
-restlessness, irritability,
-bleeding symptoms
-rapid pulse, breathing rate
-yellow tongue coating (full heat) & red tongue

A

Heat

30
Q

Which pathogenic factor is excess yin?

A

dampness

31
Q

Which pathogenic factor is heavy & slow, sticky & difficult to get rid of, and is lack of movement,

A

dampness

32
Q

Which pathogenic factor can you get from damp environments (clothes, living, wading, diet)

A

dampness

33
Q

Which pathogenic factor:

-feelings of heaviness, pain worse with damp
-swollen/oozing
-no appetite, bloating, made worse with food
-cloudiness of discharge
-slipperly pusle
-sticky coat/fat swollen tongue

A

dampness

34
Q

Which pathogenic factor is from:
very dry/hot weather, internal heat, dry warming foods & herbs, lack of fluid intake, not enough fruit & vegs, salty processed foods

A

dryness

35
Q

What are symptoms of the pathogenic factor dryness?

A

DRY

36
Q

Which pathogenic factor can result from yin deficiency without heat signs/ symptoms?

A

dryness

37
Q

Which pathogenic factor can result from heat (but not the root cause)

A

dryness

38
Q

What pathogenic factor is a combo of heat & damp?

A

Summer heat

39
Q

Which pathogenic factor is:
-aversion to heat,
sweating,
headache,
scanty dark urine,
dry lips,
feelings of heaviness,
irritability,
thirst (none is severe),
Red tongue on sides & tips,
delirium, slurred speech & unconsciousness

A

Summer heat

TCM100 (5 decks)

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