The Visual Pathway and Eye Muscles Flashcards
Two types of ocular muscles
Intrinsic muscles
Extrinsic muscles
Function of intrinsic ocular muscles
Control pupil diameter
Helps alter lens curvature to enable to see near objects
Function of extrinsic ocular muscles
Move the eye
Another name for extrinsic ocular muscles
Extraocular muscles
What are the intrinsic eye muscles?
Ciliaris
Constrictor pupillae
Dilator pupillae
Where is the Ciliaris found?
In the ciliary body
Where is the constrictor pupillae found?
In iris at pupillary border
Where is the dilator pupilae found?
Radially running muscle in iris
What is the Ciliaris innervated by?
IIIn Parasympathetic
What is the constrictor pupillae innervated by?
IIIn Parasympathetic
What is the dilator pupillae innervated by?
Sympathetic (from plexus around blood vessels)
What are the 6 extrinsic ocular muscles?
Medial rectus Lateral rectus Superior rectus Inferior rectus Superior oblique Inferior oblique
Where do the recti muscles arise from?
The apex of the orbit from an annular fibrous ring
Where does the superior oblique muscle arise from?
The roof of the orbit posteriorly
Where does the inferior oblique muscle arise from?
The floor of the orbit anteriorly
What muscle is found above the superior rectus?
Levator palpebrae superioris (LPS)
What does the LPS do?
Elevates the upper eyelid
Where do the recti muscles insert onto the sclera?
Anteriorly
Where do the oblique muscles insert onto the sclera?
Posteriorly
Innervation of the superior oblique
Trochlear nerve (IV)
Innervation of the lateral rectus
Abducent (VI)
Innervation of all of the eye muscles apart from LR and SO
Oculomotor nerve (III)
Where does the SO originate from?
Lesser wing of sphenoid
4 main movements of the eye
Abduction
Adduction
Intortion
Extorsion