Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > The Viscera > Flashcards

The Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

External oblique origin

A

Lower eight ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

External oblique insertions

A

The iliac crest, pubic tubercle and pubic crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Internal oblique origins

A

Lumbar sacia, iliac crest and the lateral two thirds of the inguinal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Transversus abdominis origins

A

Inner surfaces of lower six ribs, lumbar fascia, iliac crest and lateral third of inguinal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Transversus abdominis insertions

A

Linea alba via aponeurosis which contributes to posterior wall of rectus sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rectus abdominis origins

A

From pubic symphysis and the pubic crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Rectus abdominis insertions

A

5th, 6th and 7th costal cartilages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Transversus fascia

A

Layer of fascia deep to the transverses abdomens, separating from the parietal peritoneum and exztraperitoneal fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Abdominal muscle innveration

A

segmentally innervated by spinal nerves T7 to L1

Lie between internal oblique and the transverses abdominis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T7

A

Just below xiphisternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

L1

A

Suprapubic region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T10

A

Umbilicus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Parietal peritoneum

A

Lining the walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Visceral peritoneum

A

Covering the viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Intraperitoneal

A

Organs suspended in the peritoneal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

Continuous lining of abdominal walls by parietal peritoneum forming a sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

Organs outside peritoneal cavity, with only one surface or part of one surface covered by peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

SADPUCKER

A

Suprarenal glands, aorta/IVC, Duodenum, Pancreas, ureters, Colon, Kidneys, oEsophagus and Rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Greater omentum

A

Derived from dorsal mesentary
Two layers
Peritoneal fold attaches to greater curvature of the stomach and first part of duodenum
Drapes inferiorly over transverse colon, jejunum and ileum
Ascends to the peritoneum on superior surface of the transverse colon and anterior layer of transverse mesocolon
Before arriving at posterior abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Small intestine

A

Major site of digestion and absorption
2-7m long
Extends from the pylorus to the oleo-caecal junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Duodenum

A

C-shaped
Curves around head of pancreas
Retroperitoneal
Divided into 4 parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Jejunum

A

Lining more tightly folded into plicate circulares
Only 1 or 2 arcades
Appears pinker due to richer blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ileum

A 
More mesenteric fat
Narrower lumen
Prominent Peyer's patches
More arcades (3,4, or more)
Shorter vase rectae
Thinner walls with less pilcae circularis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Meckel’s Diverticulum

A

Found 10cm from end of ileum
Remnant of vitelline duct
2-5% of population
mimics symptoms of appendicitis if inflamed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Blood supply of small intestine

A

Superior mesenteric artery, branch of abdominal aorta

Enters mesentery as it crosses 3rd part of duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Large intestine

A

Begins at oleo-caecal valve in the right iliac fossa

Ascending and descending colon are retroperitoneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Caecum

A

Dilating blind ending commencement of large intestine

Located in iliac fosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Appendix

A

Attached to posteromedial surface of the caecum

Essentially useless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Ascending colon

A

Retroperitoneal

Ascends towards liver, where it turns left to become the hepatic flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Transverse colon

A

Intraperitoneal

Extends from hepatic flexure to splenic flexure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Descending colon

A

Retroperitoneal

Lies on posterior abdominal wall muscles and closely related to left ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Sigmoid colon

A

Intraperitoneal
Extends from pelvis brim to rectosigmoid junction
S-shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Large intestine key characteristics

A

Large internal diameter
Peritoneal-covered accumulations of fat
Taeniae coli
haustrations

34
Q

Taeniae coli

A

3 bands of longitudinal smooth muscle on outer surface of large intestine
Start at base of the vermiform appendix and fuse to form a continuous layer at the rectosigmoidal junction

35
Q

Haustrations

A

Taeniae coli are less distensible than the adjacent gut wall which bulges repeatedly to form hese

36
Q

Ascending colon arterial supply

A

The colic branch, anterior caecal artery and posterior canal artery all from the ileocalic artery

37
Q

Arterial supply of transverse colon

A

Right colic and middle colic artery from superior mesenteric

Left colic artery from interior mesenteric

38
Q

Coeliac trunk

A

Supplies foregut: oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder and pancreas

39
Q

Splenic artery

A

Arises from coeliac trunk

Supplies the spleen

40
Q

Midgut arterial supply

A

Superior mesenteric artery

2nd part of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, appendix, ascending and transverse colon

41
Q

Hindgut arterial supply

A

Supplied by inferior mesenteric artery

Distal 3rd transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum and anal canal

42
Q

Superior mesenteric artery

A

Inferior pancreatic duodenal, middle colic, right colic and ileocolic

43
Q

Inferior mesenteric artery

A

Left colic, sigmoid and superior rectal

44
Q

Liver falciform ligament

A

Attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall, creates division between left and right lobes of liver. Contains ligament teres

45
Q

Ligamentum teres

A

In liver falciform ligament

Remanant of umbilical vein

46
Q

Coronary ligament

A

Attaches superior surface of liver to inferior surface of diaphragm and demarcates the liver bare area. Anterior and posterior folds unite to form triangular ligament on right and left lobes

47
Q

triangular ligaments

A

Left and right
formed by coronary ligament around bare area
Attaches left and right lobe to diaphragm

48
Q

Quadrate lobe

A

Bounded by the gallbladder and groove for ligament tires. inferior

49
Q

Caudate lobe

A

Bounded by ligament venous and IVC

Superior

50
Q

Ligamentum venosum

A

Remnant of ductus venous which was a vein during fatal life shunting blood from portal vein to IVC

51
Q

Hepatic artery

A

branch of coeliac trunk

Divides into R and L branches that enter portages hepatis

52
Q

hepatic portal vein

A

75% of blood
Supplies partially deoxygenated blood
Carrying nutrients absorbed from small intestine
Divides into right and left terminal branches that enter portal hepatic behind the arteries

53
Q

hepatic veins

A

Where blood leaves the liver, join to IVC

Emerge from posterior liver surface

54
Q

Gallbladder

A

On visceral surface of liver
In fossa between right and caudate lobes
Concentrates and stores bile produced by liver

55
Q

Gallbladder blood supply

A

Arterial - cystic artery from right hepatic artery

Venous - Cystic veins directly into portal vein

56
Q

Biliary tree

A

gastrointestinal duct series allowing bile to be synthesised and stored
Initially secreted from hevptacytes and drains into r and l hepatic ducts
Ducts join to form common hepatic duct, runs along hepatic vein
As it descends it is joined by the cystic duct and forms common bile duct
Joined by hepatopancreatic ampulla which is then emptied into duodenum

57
Q

Ampulla of vater

A

Hepatopancreatic ampulla

Regulated by sphincter of Oddi

58
Q

Blood supply of biliary tree

A

Arterial - cystic artery
Venous of neck via cystic veins to portal vein
Venous of funds and body flows into hepatic sinusoids

59
Q

Pancreas

A

Endocrine and exocrine functions

Retroperitoneal

60
Q

Pancreas head

A

Widest part, lies within C-shaped curve created by duodenum and is connected via connective tissue

61
Q

Pancreas uncinate process

A

Projection arising from lower part of head and extending medially to lie beneath the body
Lies posterior to superior mesenteric vessels

62
Q

Pancreas Neck

A

Overlies superior mesenteric vessels which form a groove in its posterior aspect

63
Q

Pancreas body

A

Centrally located, crossing midline of body to lie behind stomach and to left of superior mesenteric vessels

64
Q

Pancreas tail

A

Left end of pancreas lies within close proximity to spleen hilum
Contained within splenorenal ligament with splenic vessels
Intraperitoneal

65
Q

Blood supply of pancreas

A

Predominantly via coeliac trunk, mainly splenic artery
Also pancreas-duodenal branch of superior mesenteric
Superior mesenteric branches of hepatic portal veins drain head
Splenic vein drains rest of pancreas

66
Q

Pancreatic duct system

A

main duct extends from tail of pancreas to hepatopancreatic ampulla
Interlobular ducts join the main ducts vertically

67
Q

Stomach cardia

A

Surrounds the superior opening of the stomach at the T11 level

68
Q

Oesophagus

A

Penetrates the diaphragm at the level of T10 to the left of midline and enters the stomach

69
Q

Stomach fundus

A

Rounded often gas filled portion superior to and left of the cardia

70
Q

Stomach body

A

Serves a s a reservoir where food is mixed with gastric juices, inferior to the fundus

71
Q

Stomach pylorus

A

connects stomach to duodenum

Divided into the pyloric antrum, pyloric canal and pyloric sphincter.

72
Q

Pyloric sphincter

A

Demarcates the transpyloric plane at L1

73
Q

Stomach greater curvature

A

Forms long, convex, lateral stomach border. Short gastric arteries and both R and L gastro-omental arteries supply branches here

74
Q

Stomach lesser curvature

A

Forms the shorter, concave, medial surface of the stomach
Most inferior part of this = angular notch - indicates junction of body and pyloric region
Attachment to hepatogastric ligament and supplied by left gastric artery and right gastric branch of the hepatic artery

75
Q

Inferior oesophageal sphincter

A

level of T11

Allows food to pass through cardiac orifice into the stomach

76
Q

Pyloric sphincter

A

Between pylorus and duodenum
Controls exit of chyme from stomach
Contains smooth muscle to limit discharge through orifice

77
Q

Right gastric artery

A

Branch of common hepatic artery, arises from colic trunk

78
Q

Left gastric artery

A

Arises directly from the coeliac trunk

79
Q

Right gastro-mental artery

A

Terminal branch of gastroduodenal artery, which alrises from common hepatic artery

80
Q

Left gastro-mental artery

A

Branch of splenic artery, arises from coeliac trunk

81
Q

Gastrosplenic ligament

A

Anterior to splenic hilum, connect spleen to greater curvature

82
Q

Splenorenal ligament

A

Posterior to splenic hilum, connects hilum to the left kidney

Anatomy (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions