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Anatomy > Forearm and Hand > Flashcards

Forearm and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Olecranon

A

A large projection of bone that projects proximally, forming part of the trochlear notch. Palpated as elbow tip, where triceps brachii attaches

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2
Q

Coronoid process

A

Ridge of bone that projects outwards anteriorly, forming part of the trochlear notch

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3
Q

Trochlear notch

A

Formed by the olecranon and the coronoid process, articulates with trochlear of the humerus

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4
Q

Radial notch

A

Located on lateral surface of the trochlear notch, area articulates with head of the radius

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5
Q

Tuberosity of the ulna

A

A roughening immediately distal of the coronoid process, where the brachialis muscle attaches

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6
Q

Elbow joint

A

Partly formed by an articulation between the radius head and the capitulum of the humerus

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7
Q

Proximal radioulnar joint

A

An articulation between the distal end of the radial head and the radial notch of the ulna

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8
Q

Wrist joints

A

An articulation between the distal end of the radius and the carpal bones

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9
Q

Radius head

A

A disk-shaped structure, with a concave articulating surface. It is thicker medially, where it takes part in the proximal radioulnar joint.

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10
Q

Radius neck

A

Narrow area of bone lying between the radial head and tuberosity

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11
Q

Radial tuberosity

A

Bony projection, serves as a place of attachment for the biceps brachii

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12
Q

Flexor carpi origins

A

Medial epicondyle and the ulna

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13
Q

Flexor carpi insertions

A

Pisiform carpal bone

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14
Q

Flexor carpi innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

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15
Q

Flexor carpi actions

A

Flexion and adduction at the wrist

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16
Q

Palmaris longus origins

A

Medial epicondyle

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17
Q

Palmaris longus insertions

A

Attaches to the flexor retinaculum of the wrist

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18
Q

Palmaris longus innervation

A

Median nerve

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19
Q

Palmaris longus actions

A

Wrist flexion

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20
Q

flexor carpi radialis origins

A

medial epicondyle

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21
Q

Flexor carpi radialis insertions

A

attaches to the base of metacarpals II and III

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22
Q

Flexor carpi radialis innervation

A

median nerve

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23
Q

Flexor carpi radialis actions

A

flexion and abduction at the wrist

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24
Q

Pronator teres origins

A

medial epicondyle and the ulna coronoid process

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25
Q

Pronator teres insertions

A

attaches laterally to the radius midshaft

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26
Q

Pronator teres innervation

A

Median nerve

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27
Q

Pronator teres actions

A

Forearm pronation

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28
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis origins

A

one from the humerus medial epicondyle and other from the radius

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29
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis insertions

A

Splits into 4 tendons at the wrist, travels throught he carpal tunnel and attaches to the middle phalanges of four fingers

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30
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis innervation

A

median nerve

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31
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis actions

A

flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints at the four fingers and the wrist

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32
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus origins

A

Originates from the ulna and associated interosseous membrane

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33
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus insertions

A

Splits into 4 tendons at the wrist and attaches to the distal phalanges of 4 fingers

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34
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus innervations

A

Medial half on ring and little fingers by ulnar. Lateral half on the middle and index fingers by the median

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35
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus actions

A

flexion of the distal interphalangeal joints, metacarpophalangeal joints and the wrist

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36
Q

flexor pollicis longus origins

A

Originates from radius anterior surface

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37
Q

Flexor pollicis longus insertions

A

Attaches to the base of the distal phalanx of the thumb

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38
Q

Flexor pollicis longus innervation

A

Median nerve

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39
Q

Flexor pollicis longus actions

A

flexes the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb

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40
Q

Pronator quadratus origins

A

originates from the ulnar anterior surface

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41
Q

Pronator quadratus insertions

A

Attaches to the radius anterior surface

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42
Q

Pronator quadratus innervation

A

Median nerve

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43
Q

Pronator quadratus actions

A

Forearm pronation

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44
Q

The carpal bones (8)

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate

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45
Q

Opponens pollicis origins

A

Originates from the trapezium tubercle

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46
Q

Opponens pollicis insertions

A

Inserts into the lateral margin of the thumb metacarpal

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47
Q

Opponens pollicis innervation

A

Median nerve

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48
Q

Opponens pollicis actions

A

Opposes the thumb

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49
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis origins

A

Originates from tubercles of the scaphoid and trapezium

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50
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis insertions

A

Attaches to the lateral side of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

51
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis innervation

A

Median nerve

52
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis actions

A

Abducts the thumb

53
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis origins

A

Originates from the trapezium tubercle

54
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis insertions

A

Attaches to the bse of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

55
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis innervation

A

Median nerve

56
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis actions

A

Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

57
Q

Opponens digiti minimi Origins

A

Originates from the hook of hamate

58
Q

Opponens digiti minimi insertions

A

Inserts into the medial margin of the little finger

59
Q

Opponens digiti minimi innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

60
Q

Opponens digiti minimi actions

A

little finger opposition

61
Q

Abductor digiti minimi origins

A

Originates from the pisiform and the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris

62
Q

Abductor digiti minimi insertions

A

Attaches to the base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

63
Q

Abductor digiti minimi innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

64
Q

Abductor digiti minimi actions

A

Abducts little finger

65
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis origins

A

Originates from the hook of hamate and adjacent flexor retinaculum

66
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis insertions

A

Inserts into the base of the proximal phalanx of the little finger

67
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

68
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis actions

A

Flexes the MCP joint of the little finger

69
Q

Lumbricals origins

A

Each lumbrical attaches from the tendon of each of the flexor digitorum profundus

70
Q

Lumbricals insertions

A

Each inserts into an extensor hood of a digit

71
Q

Lumbricals innervation

A

Lateral 2 = median

Medial 2 = ulnar

72
Q

Lumbricals actions

A

Flexion of MCP and extends at the interphalangeal joints of each finger

73
Q

Palmar interossei origins

A

Each one originates from the lateral or medial surface of a metacarpal

74
Q

Palmar interossei insertions

A

Each one attaches into the extensor hood and proximal phalanx of the same finger it originates from

75
Q

Palmar interossei innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

76
Q

Palmar interossei actions

A

Adducts the fingers at the MCP joint

77
Q

Adductor pollicis origins

A

One head from metacarpal III, the other from the capitate and adjacent areas of the metacarpals II and III

78
Q

Adductor pollicis insertions

A

Both heads attach at the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

79
Q

Adductor pollicis innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

80
Q

Adductor pollicis actions

A

Adduction of the thumb

81
Q

Superficial palmar arch

A

Located anteriorly to the flexor tendons in the hand and deep to the palmar aponeurosis, gives rise to the digital arteries, which supply the four fingers

82
Q

Deep palmar arch

A

Located deep to the flexor tendons of the hand, it contributes to the blood supply of the digits and wrist joint

83
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris origin

A

Later epicondyle

84
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion

A

Base of metacarpal V

85
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris actions

A

Extension and abduction of the wrist

86
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

Radial nerve

87
Q

Extensor carpi minimi Origin

A

Lateral epicondyle

88
Q

Extensor digiti minimi insertion

A

Attaches to little finger extensor hood

89
Q

Extensor digiti minimi action

A

Extends the little finger and constirbutes to wrist extension

90
Q

Extensor digiti minimi innervation

A

Radial nerve

91
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus origin

A

Supracondylar ridge

92
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus insertions

A

Tendons attach to metacarpals II and III

93
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus actions

A

Extends and abducts the wrist

94
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus innervation

A

Radial nerve

95
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin

A

Lateral epicondyle

96
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion

A

Tendons attach to metacarpals II and III

97
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis actions

A

Extends and abducts the wrist

98
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation

A

Radial nerve

99
Q

Extensor digitorum origin

A

Lateral epicondyle

100
Q

Extensor digitorum insertion

A

Tendon splits into 4 and inserts into the extensor hood of each finger

101
Q

Extensor digitorum actions

A

Extends medial four fingers at MCP and IP joints

102
Q

Extensor digitorum innervation

A

Radial nerve

103
Q

Extensor indicis Origin

A

Ulna posterior surface and interosseous membrane

104
Q

Extensor indicis insertions

A

Attaches to the index finger extensor hood

105
Q

Extensor indicis actions

A

Extends index finger

106
Q

Extensor indicis innervation

A

Radial nerve

107
Q

Abductor pollicis longus origins

A

Interosseous membrane and the adjacent radius and ulna surfaces

108
Q

Abductor pollicis longus insertions

A

Attaches to the lateral base of metacarpal I`

109
Q

Abductor pollicis longus actions

A

Abducts the thumb

110
Q

Abductor pollicis longus innervation

A

Radial nerve

111
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis origins

A

Radius posterior surface and interosseous membrane

112
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis insertions

A

Attaches to the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb

113
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis actions

A

Extends the thumbs MCP and CMC joints

114
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis innervation

A

Radial nerve

115
Q

Extensor pollicis longus origins

A

Posterior ulna surface and interosseous membrane

116
Q

Extensor pollicis longus insertions

A

Attaches to the thumb distal phalanx

117
Q

Extensor pollicis longus actions

A

Extends all the thumb joints –> MCP, CMC and IPG

118
Q

Extensor pollicis longus innervation

A

Radial nerve

119
Q

Dorsal interossei origins

A

Each originates from the lateral and medial surfaces of it’s metacarpal

120
Q

Drosal interossei insertions

A

Attaches to the extensor hood and proximal phalanx of each finger

121
Q

Dorsal interossei actions

A

Abducts fingers at the MCP joint

122
Q

Dorsal interossei innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

123
Q

Posterior forearm arterial supply

A

Supplied by the posterior interosseous artery that reaches this compartment by passing from the cubital fossa through the interosseous membrane between the radius and ulnar bones

124
Q

Posterior forearm nerve supply

A

All supplied by the radial nerve

Intrinsic muscles of the dorsum of the hand are innervated by the ulnar nerve

Anatomy (6 decks)

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