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PPL Aircraft General > The Vacuum System and Gyroscopic Instruments > Flashcards

The Vacuum System and Gyroscopic Instruments Flashcards

1
Q

How are most vaaccum systems powered?

A

Engine-driven suction pump

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2
Q

How is the suction pump powered?

A

By the engine

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3
Q

The suction pump powers what system?

A

Vacuum system

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4
Q

What does a suction pump do?

A

Creates a vacuum in gyroscopic instruments

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5
Q

How does a suction pump create a vacuum?

A

Evacuates the cases of instruments

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6
Q

What creates a vacuum in gyros?

A

Suction pumps

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7
Q

What is the first component in a vacuum system?

A

Air filter

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8
Q

Where is the suction pump located in the vacuum system?

A

At the end

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9
Q

What is located at the end of a vacuum system?

A

Suction pump

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10
Q

What item immediately precedes the suction pump?

A

Vacuum relief valve

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11
Q

What is the typical required suction?

A

3 to 5 inches of mercury

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12
Q

What is the most common cause of a low suction gauge reading?

A

Blocked air filter

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13
Q

What is the most common cause of a zero suction gauge reading??

A

Suction pump failure

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14
Q

How are excessive vacuum pressures prevented?

A

Vacuum relief valve

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15
Q

How does a venturi tube provide suction?

A

The low static pressure area in the venturi will cause higher pressure air in the instruments to flow to the tube

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16
Q

An area of low static pressure drawing airflow from instruments describes what system?

A

Venturi tube vacuum system

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17
Q

What is rigidity in space?

A

The ability for a rotating mass to maintain the same absolute direction in space

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18
Q

The ability for a rotating mass to maintain the same absolute direction in space describes what?

A

Rigidity in space

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19
Q

Gyroscopes have what crucial property?

A

Rigidiy in space

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20
Q

As an aircraft moves ‘around’ a gyro, what happens to the gyro?

A

It remains stable in space

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21
Q

What 3 factors affect the degree of rigidity in space of a gyroscope?

A

Mass of the rotor
Speed of rotation
Radius of mass

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22
Q

What do these symptoms affect:
Mass of the rotor
Speed of rotation
Radius of mass

A

Rigidity in space

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23
Q

What is the most optimal gryoscope in terms of directional rigidity?

A

Large mass concentrated at the rim rotating at high speed

24
Q

What is the secondary property of a gyroscope?

A

Precession

25
Q

The change in direction of a gyroscope if a force is applied to it is in what manner?

A

90 degrees further on to the direction of rotation

26
Q

Precession describes what kind of movement?

A

90 degrees further on to the direction of rotation

27
Q

When will a gryo under-read?

A

If rotation reduces

28
Q

If a gyro under-reads, what has happened to it?

A

Its rotation has reduced

29
Q

Precession’s angle relationship to direction of applied force?

A

90 degrees

30
Q

What causes a slow drift in gyros?

A

Precession

31
Q

Precession is associated with what instrument phenomenon?

A

Gyro drift

32
Q

What risk may be associated with a vacuum pressure pump, as opposed to a vacuum suction pump?

A

A pressure pump would also pump contaminants such as oil into the gyroscopic instruments

33
Q

What kind of gyros do the turn indicator/coordinator use?

A

Rate gyros

34
Q

Rotation speed gives the gyro what property to resist tilting or turning?

A

Inertia

35
Q

What does inertia mean for a spinning gyro?

A

It can resist tilting or turning

36
Q

What allows gyros to hold their position while the instruments rotate around it?

A

Inertia

37
Q

Precession iis essentially the combination of what two forces?

A

Perpendicular to direction of force + direction of rotation

38
Q

What gyro instruments are vacuum powered?

A

Attitude Indicator and DI

39
Q

What gyro instruments are electrically powered?

A

Turn indicator/coordinator

40
Q

What does the Turn indicator/coordinator NOT show?

A

Bank angle

41
Q

What does the Turn indicator/coordinator show?

A

Rate of turn

42
Q

What will a turn coordinator show in addition to what a turn indicator shows?

A

Rate of bank

43
Q

A turn coordinator’s 30-degrees angled gimbal means it provides reaction to what?

A

Rate of bank as well as just bank

44
Q

What returns the gimbal to the central position in a turn indicator?

A

Spring

45
Q

What does a spring do in a turn indicator?

A

Resists gimbal rotation

46
Q

What happens to a turn indicator when the aircraft stops turning?

A

Spring tension returns the gyro to its original position

47
Q

What kind of gyro is used in the attitude indicator?

A

Earth gyro

48
Q

An earth gyro is used for what instrument?

A

Attitude indicator

49
Q

What spin axis does an earth gyro have?

A

Vertical

50
Q

What spin axis does a rate gyro have?

A

Horizontal

51
Q

The pivoting components in a gyro are given what term?

A

Gimbals

52
Q

What do gimbals do in a gyro?

A

Pivot

53
Q

What term is given to the mechanical errors in DIs that will cause it to drift off accurate alignment with magnetic north?

A

Mechanical drift

54
Q

Mechanical drift in DIs are caused by what?

A

Friction

55
Q

Friction causes what in DIs?

A

Mechanical drift

56
Q

What term is given to the error in DIs that cause drift due to the aircraft’s movement through space relative to north?

A

Apparent drift

PPL Aircraft General (10 decks)

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