The Airframe Flashcards
What material usually forms the skin of an aircraft?
Aluminium
The fuselage is of what kind of construction?
Semi-monocoque
What is a monocoque construction?
No internal structure
Stress carried by the skin
What is a strut-type construction?
Internal framework carries all the stress
Semi-monocoque construction is a compromise between what two types?
Strut-type and monocoque
The windscreen typically consists of what material?
Perspex
Properties of perspex?
Easily scratched
In a wing, what attaches to the fuselage and extends to the wing tip?
Spar
What carries the major loads in a wing?
Spars
What wing structure provides external strength by transmitting extra loads to the fuselage?
Struts
What does a strut do?
Transmits extra loads of the fuselage
What structures run roughly perpendicular to the spars? in a wing
Ribs
What do ribs transmit?
Loads between the skin and the spars
What transmits loads between skins and spars?
Ribs
What calculation identifies the physical loads that an aircraft will undergo?
Stress analysis
What is stress caused by?
External forces acting on a material
What is stress?
Internal force that opposes deformation
What is strain?
The degree by which a material has been defroemd from a force or load
How are stress and strain different?
Stress is resistance to deformation
Strain is the degree of deformation
What are the 5 major stresses?
Compression
Tension
Shear
Torsion
Bending
What is tension?
Pulling apart
What is compression?
Pushing together
What is torsion?
Twisting apart
What is shear?
Laterally shifting layers about a point
What occurs at the outside of a bend?
Tension
What occurs at the inside of a bend?
Compression
What stresses are aircraft meant to avoid?
Bending
Instead of bending, what are aircraft parts meant to undergo?
Tension and compression
Why is nylon better than manila rope (for tying down aircraft)?
It is more elastic and less likely to shrink when wet
How does carbon monoxide affect the body?
Displaces oxygen from the bloodstream
What can be fitted to the flight control system to prevent excessive movement?
Stops
The flight control system on most light training aircraft are of what type?
Mechanical flight control system
What is the Elastic Limit?
The limit of distortion at which the structure returns to its original shape and dimensions
What is the limit of distortion at which the structure returns to its original shape and dimensions?
Elastic limit
What is the Yield Point?
The point at which deformations become permanent
What is the point at which deformations become permanent
Yield Point
What is the Ultimate Load?
The load at which failure of the structure occurs
What is the load at which failure of the structure occurs?
Ultimate Load
What does Fail Safe mean?
If one part fails, the remaining parts in the system will continue to operate
What does Safe Life mean?
A component is released with a specific ‘life’ of hours or cycles, until replacement
If one part fails, the remaining parts in the system will continue to operate. This is given what term?
Fail Safe
A component is released with a specific ‘life’ of hours or cycles, until replacement. This is given what term?
Safe Life
The main weight of the aircraft is supported by what structures?
The main spar, connected to the undercarriage
What are fuselage formers?
Components that provide only ‘shape’ to the fuselage
