the urinary system Flashcards
what are the 4 components of the urinary system?
- kidney
- ureters
- urinary bladder
- urethra
what does the kidney do?
fitter
(extracts and removes metabolic waste from the blood)
what is used to help the kidney filter blood?
the force of blood pressure
what do the ureters do?
internal transportation
what does the urinary bladder do
store the urine
what does the urethra do?
internal to external transportation
Where are the kidneys located?
- dorsal aspect of the abdominal cavity
- outside of the peritoneum (retroperitoneal)
- Is ventral to the 1st few lumbar vertebrae
- The right kidney is slightly more cranial and is more firmly attached
- is lateral the the aorta and the posterior vena cava
Renal
of, relating to, in the region of, the kidneys
the shape of most kidneys
bean
the shape of bird kidneys
3 lobed
shape of bovine kidney
multi lobed
the shape of a horse kidney
heart
Where is peri-renal fat located?
outside the kidney capsule
sometimes completely envelops the kidney (bovine)
what does peri-renal fat do?
protects
insulates
what is often called suet?
peri-renal fat
what are the 5 external renal structures
- anterior pole
- posterior pole
- capsule
- hilus
- renal artery and vein
anterior pole
external structure
cranial
rounded end of the kidney
posterior pole
external structure
caudal
rounded end of the kidney
Capsule
external structure
- tough, white connective tissue covering
- maintains the kidney shape
- when cut, the kidney tissue pops/bulges out
Hilus
external structure
- medial border of the kidney
- concave depression
- entrance for blood vessels and ureters (where everything enters and exits)
Renal artery
external structure
- derived from the aorta
- enters the kidney at the hilus
Renal vein
external structure
- joins the posterior vena cava
- exits the kidney at the hilus
what are the 4 major divisions of the kidney
- Cortex
- medulla
- renal pelvis
- renal papilla
cortex
internal division of the kidney
- is the outer/peripheral layer of the kidney
what 4 things does the cortex contain
- glomerulus
- bowman’s capsule
- proximal convoluted tubule
- distal convoluted tubule
loop of Henle is not in the cortex
Medula
internal division of the kidney
- pyramid shaped with the base towards the cortex and apex towards the hilus
what is the medula subdivided into?
Outer medulary zone
inner medulary zone
outer medulary zone
dark red
contains the loop of Henle and the collecting tubules
where is the loop of Henle located
outer medulary zone
inner medulary zone
lighter (tan-cream)
only contains the collecting tubules