The UK's Evolving Human Landscape Flashcards
POPULATION DENSITY
This is the average number of people in a given area. This is usually per in squared.
MULTIPLIER EFFECT
When people or businesses move to an area and invest money and services, which in turn creates more jobs and attracts more people.
The northern powerhouse
Politicians use this term to describe the Liverpool, Manchester, Leeds region, because of its potential to drive the economy of northern England.
ENTERPRISE ZONE
This is the places where the UK government offers companies help with start up costs, reduced taxes and super fast broadband. They are often deprived areas that need improving.
PRIMARY EMPLOYMENT
These are jobs that are getting resources out of the air, ground or sea. E.g. Mining, farming, fishing.
SECONDARY EMPLOYMENT
These are jobs that involve making things.
TERTIARY EMPLOYMENT
These are jobs involved in providing a service like doctors, dentists, teachers etc.
KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
The quaternary sector is called the knowledge sector because it is based upon specialised knowledge and skill.
QUATERNARY EMPLOYMENT
These are knowledge based jobs that involve specialist knowledge or skills. E.g. Accountants, law, IT.
FOOTLOOSE
Many companies are now footloose because they are not tied to a certain location and can move around easily.
TNC’s
Transnational companies are firm that operate in more than one country.
GLOBALISATION
This is where there are increased connections between countries.
CONNECTIVITY
This is how connected a place is. For example, London has big airport hubs connecting world cities, fast rail between cities in the UK and a motorway network.
CBD
Central business district - the oldest part of the city in the middle where offices and large department stores are found.
INNER SUBURBS
Often referred to as inner city areas and they can be quite varied in quality.
THE RURAL URBAN FRINGE
This is the area of land between the edge of the urban area and the countryside. It comes under a lot of pressure to get building on it.
IMMIGRATION
This is migration into a country
ETHNIC COMMUNITY
This is a cluster of a specific ethnic group in a place.
MULTIPLE DEPRIVATION
This is where certain areas are very deprived. Multiple is referring to several reasons link education, health and employment.
DEINDUSTRIALISATION
This is where industries have declined and closed in a place. Often older manufacturing industries that cannot compete with factories producing cheaper goods abroad.
DEPOPULATION
This is the loss of people in an area often associated with run down areas.
DECENTRALISATION
This is the movement away from the middle of the city to the outskirts.
COUNTER URBANISATION
This is movement of people away from the city and is the opposite of urbanisation.
GENTRIFICATION
This is where some run down housing areas get bought up by people and then done up better. More richer people move in and house prices go up and pubs get replaced by cafes and gastropubs instead.
