The Theory of Evolution Flashcards
is descent with inherited modification
biological evolution/evolution
one of the mechanisms of evolution is
Natural Selection
Species change and adapt over time to better survive in their environment
natural selection.
was the naturalist on the HMS beagle, a ship that sailed around the world in the 1830s
Charles Darwin
Darwins time on the ________ was especially influential to the development of evolutionary thought
Galapagos Islands
Charles Darwin found that there is a variety of ______ in the Galapagos Islands. The competition for food drove the finches to adapt better to their ecological niche. The finches adapted to take advantage of the various food sources available on the island
finches
evolution can be measured through the change of allele frequencies through generations in a population
EVOLUTION ACT OF POPULATIONS, NOT ON INDIVIDUALS
variant form of a gene
Allele
EVOLUTION IS JUST A THEORY. IT HAS NOT BEEN PROVEN YET
WRONG
comparison of past and present species
fossils
geographical locations of modern species
biogeography
homologous and vestigial structures, embryonic development
anatomy
comparison of genetic material and evolutionary relationships
molecular biology
small-scale evolution in organisms with sort lifespans
direct observation
HUMANS CAN INFLUENCE EVOLUTION - DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY
CORRECT
happens when people select individuals to mate that have features they hope the offspring will inherit. This is also called selective breeding
artificial selection
dogs are heavily influenced by artificial selection
TRUE
HUMANS EVOLVED FROM MONKEYS MAKING THEM OUR CLOSEST RELATIVE
WRONG
extinct hominin stem-group lineages, all more closely related to humans than they are to chimps
TRUE
EVOLUTION IS A SLOW PROCESS AND CANNOT BE OBSERVED
WRONG
can be seen in bacteria like the superbacteria
EVOLUTION NOT BEING A SLOW PROCESS
HUMAN BEINGS DID NOT STOP EVOLVING
CORRECT
inheritable traits that provide an advantage for the organism’s survival, even in humans, will be naturally selected
true
the ethnic tibetans have a mutation that allows them to produce __________. This compensates for the reduced oxygen levels in the air at high altitudes
more red blood cells
groups of inuit in greenland have adapted to the_______they eat. They can cope with this diet without an increased risk of heart disease
large amount of fat
natural selection has increased bajau or “sea nomads” ____________, providing an oxygen reservoir for diving. There is a strong selection specific to the bajau on BDKRB2, a gene affecting the human diving reflex
spleen size
