How Does the Information in DNA Lead to Physical Traits? Flashcards
is the process by which the instructions in DNA are converted into a functional product (proteins)
Central Dogma
The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
- Replication
- Transcription
- Translation
during DNA replication, each of the two strands that make up the double helix serves as a template from which new strands are copied
Replication
the new strand will be complementary to the parental or “old” strand
Replication
each new double strand consists of one parental strand and one new daughter strand
Replication
is a Y-shaped structure where DNA splits into two strands for replication
Replication Fork
is the process by which DNA is copied in all known cells
Semiconservative Replication
the information in the DNA of every cell is converted into small, portable RNA messages or mRNA.
Transcription
this ________ process happens in the nucleus of every cell
Transcription
during translation, these messages (in the form of mRNA) travel from where the DNA is in the cell nucleus to the ribosomes where they are ‘read’ to make specific amino acids (proteins)
Translation
codes for one of the protein components of hemoglobin found in red blood cells
B-globin gene
a group of three RNA base pairs that codes for a specific amino acid
Codon
The polypeptide
Glu or Glutamic Acid
WHAT IF SOMETHING GOES WRONG IN THE CENTRAL DOGMA?
Mutation
a type of gene mutation that causes a different amino acid to be expressed
Missense Mutation
the gene has a different base pair
Missense Mutation
this translated to a change in the codon
Missense Mutation
it eventually led to the translation of Valine instead of Glutamic Acid
Missense Mutation
