The Teaching Process Flashcards
Preparation of a Lesson
Determination of objectives and standards is necessary before any important instruction can be presented. (Syllabus)
Two types of objectives:
Performance based
Decision based
Preparation of a lesson
Performance based objectives
Measurable and set to standards
Three elements of performance based objectives:
Description of skill and behavior
Conditions under which skills or behaviors is to be demonstrated
Criteria used to determine accomplishment of objective
Preparation of a lesson
Decision based objectives
Used to develop judgment and ADM skills
Utilize the ACS and syllabus
Organization of Material
Introduction
Development
Conclusion
Organization of Material
Introduction
Grabs the attention of student
Give motivation for why information is important (should appeal to each student)
Provides an overview of what is to be covered and the road map to the rest of the lesson.
Organization of Material
Development
Main part of lesson
Develops subject matter in a way that helps achieve desired outcome
Logically organizes material to show relationship of main points:
Past to Present (good for teaching history)
Simple to complex (used when learning complex subjects)
Know to Unknown (use current knowledge of student)
Most frequent to Least frequently used(teach the basics first)
Organization of Material
Conclusion
Reiterates important elements and connects them to the objective
Used to reinforce learning and improves retention
Training Delivery Methods
Lecture method
Discussion method
Guided discussion
Computer-Assisted Learning method
Cooperative learning method
Demonstration Performance method
Drill and practice method
Training Delivery Method
Lecture Method
Instructor delivers his knowledge to students who are more or less silent participants.
Good for large groups
Information students can’t get on there own
Training Delivery Method
Guided Discussion method
Instructor guided discussion
Utilizes students knowledge about a topic.
The goal is to draw out what students know
Starts by the instructor using a lead off question or a “how” or “why” question
Types of Questions used in a Guided discussion
Overhead - directed to entire group used to stimulate thought
Rhetorical - used to stimulate thought and often answered by instructor
Direct - used to get response from a specific student
Reverse - instructor redirects question for student to answer
Relay - students question redirected to group
Computer-Assisted Learning method
Computer based training
Students can progress at there own pace and is very convenient
Can be very interactive
Easy to track progress
Cooperative learning method
Small groups working together (nav planning)
Demonstration-Performance method
Learn by doing
Drill and practice method
Uses repetition to promote learning and increase retention
Problem based learning
Confronts students with problems encountered in real life that force them to reach real world solutions.
Effective problems:
Relate to the real world Requires students to make decisions Open ended or more then one answer Are related to learned information as well as new information Reflect lesson objective Challenge students to think
Helps develop ADM or HOTS
Scenario based training is a form of PBL
Collaborative problem solving utilizes a group to solve a problem
Case study method utilizes the analysis of students and allow them to think of solutions
Instruction aids
Instructional aids support, supplement or reinforce what is being taught.
Help gain and keep the attention of students
Don’t use training aids as a crutch
Don’t let them distract students
Instructional aid examples:
White board
Power point
Video
Models
