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Biology > The Study of Life > Flashcards

The Study of Life Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Characteristics of life

A 
Are organized
Acquire materials and energy
Reproduce
Respond to stimuli
Are homeostatic 
Grow and develop 
Are adapted to their environment
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2
Q

Energy

A

Capacity to do work

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3
Q

Reproduce

A

Make more of their own kind

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4
Q

Sexual reproduction

A

Each parent donates half of their genetic material to offspring

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5
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

Adult produces genetically identical offspring

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6
Q

Response to stimuli

A

Organisms moves either towards or away from a given stimulus

Ex: A plant moving towards light

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7
Q

Homeostatis

A

Maintaining a relatively constant internal environment

Ex: Maintain body temperature, pH of blood, oxygen levels

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8
Q

Metabolism

A

All the chemical reactions in a cell

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9
Q

Natural selection

A

Changes of characteristics of a population through time

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10
Q

Evolution

A

The change in the frequency of traits in populations and species

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11
Q

Growth

A

Involves increase in size and usually number of cells

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12
Q

Development

A

Involves changes that occur between conception and death in the organism

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13
Q

Adaptation

A

Modifications that make an organism suited to its way of life

(Occurs through evolution)

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14
Q

Biological organization

A 
Atoms
Molecules
Cells
Tissues
Organs 
Organ systems
Organism
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15
Q

Cell

A

Smallest unit of life

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16
Q

Tissue

A

Group of similar cells that performs function

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17
Q

Organ

A

Several tissues join together to form an organ

18
Q

Organ system

A

The organs work together to form an organ system

19
Q

Organism

A

A collection of organ systems

20
Q

Taxonomy

A

Classifying organisms according to criteria

21
Q

Classification of living things

A 
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
22
Q

Domains

A

Archaea: extremophile bacteria (live in harsh environments

Bacteria: no membrane bound organelles

Eukarya: contains eukaryotic cells (have membrane bound organelles)

23
Q

Eukarya

A 
Contains 4 Kingdoms
Protista: uni/multicellular organisms
Fungi: uni/multicellular organisms that are heterotrophs
Plantae: plants
Animalia: animals
24
Q

Binomial nomenclature

A

2 name naming system
Consists of genus and species name (both italicized, genus capitalized)
Universal language: Latin

25
Q

Organization of the biosphere

A 
Organism
Population
Community 
Ecosystem 
Biosphere
26
Q

Population

A

Group of same species living in a given area

27
Q

Community

A

Group of populations

28
Q

Ecosystem

A

Populations interacting with the environment

29
Q

Biosphere

A

Zone of land, water, and air where living organisms are found

30
Q

Scientific method

A

Orderly process of exploring natural phenomena

31
Q

Phenomena

A

Natural events

32
Q

Steps in scientific method

A

Identification of problem through observation

Formulate hypothesis

Experimentation and collection of data

Develop conclusion

33
Q

Hypothesis

A

Input from various sources is used to formulate a testable statement

34
Q

Experimental design

A

Ensures scientist is testing what he/she wants to test for an that meaningful results will be obtained

35
Q

Control group

A

Goes through all aspects of experiment but lacks factor (independent variable) being tested

36
Q

Independent variable

A

Factor being tested (the treatment)

37
Q

Dependent variable

A

Factor being measured

38
Q

Conclusion

A

Formulated from analysis of data

May suggest further experiments are necessary

Results must be repeatable

39
Q

Technology

A

Application of scientific knowledge for a practical purpose

40
Q

Data

A

Results of an experiment

41
Q

Scientific theories

A

Concepts that join together well-supported and related hypotheses

Biology (5 decks)

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