The structure of DNA - learning outcomes/ questions

Question 1

Nucleotides include what?

Answer 1

Nucleotides (deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and base)

Question 2

Sugar–phosphate backbone is made up of what?

Answer 2

The Sugar–phosphate backbone is made up of deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

Question 3

State the base parings and how they are bonded together

Answer 3

(adenine–thymine and guanine–cytosine) by hydrogen bonds

Question 4

DNA is what structure?

Answer 4

Double stranded antiparallel structure, with deoxyribose and phosphate at 3’ and 5’ ends of each strand respectively, forming a double helix.

Question 5

The base sequence of DNA forms what?

Answer 5

The base sequence of DNA forms the genetic code.

Question 6

Prokaryotes have what type of chromosome and plasmids?

Answer 6

Prokaryotes have a single circular chromosome and smaller circular plasmids.

Question 7

Eukaryotes all have what type of chromosome, where is it located and how is it packaged?

Answer 7

Eukaryotes all have linear chromosomes, in the nucleus, which are tightly coiled and packaged with associated proteins.

Question 8

The associated proteins are called what?

Answer 8

The associated proteins are called histones.

Question 9

Eukaryotes contain what chromosomes in their mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Answer 9

Eukaryotes contain circular chromosomes in their mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Question 10

What is a special example of a eukaryote as it also has plasmids?

Answer 10

Yeast is a special example of a eukaryote as it also has plasmids.