Metabolic Pathways - questions/ learning outcomes Flashcards
What are metabolic Pathways?
Metabolic pathways are integrated and controlled pathways of enzyme-catalysed reactions within a cell.
Metabolic Pathways can have what?
Metabolic pathways can have reversible steps, irreversible steps and alternative routes.
Reactions within metabolic pathways can be what?
Reactions within metabolic pathways can be anabolic or catabolic.
Definition of Anabolic
Anabolic - reactions build up large molecules from small molecules and require energy.
Definition of Catabolic
Catabolic - reactions break down large molecules into smaller molecules and release energy.
Protein what are embedded where?
Protein pores, pumps and enzymes are embedded in membranes.
Metabolic pathways are controlled by what?
controlled by the presence or absence of particular enzymes and the regulation of the rate of reaction of key enzymes.
Induced fit occurs when?
Induced fit occurs when the active site changes shape to better fit the substrate after the substrate binds.
What is the effect on the substrate for the active site and subsequent products to the aactive site?
The substrate molecule(s) have a high affinity for the active site.
Subsequent products have a low affinity, allowing them to leave the active site.
Some metabolic pathways can be what and the presence of a substrate or the removal of a product will do what?
Some metabolic reactions are reversible.
The presence of a substrate or the removal of a product will drive a sequence of reactions in a particular direction.
Competitive inhibitors bind where and what is the result of this happening?
Competitive inhibitors bind at the active site preventing the substrate from binding.
How can competitive inhibitors be reversed?
Competitive inhibition can be reversed by increasing substrate concentration.
Non-competitive inhibitors bind where and what is the result of this happening?
Non-competitive inhibitors bind away from the active site.
They change the shape of the active site preventing the substrate from binding.
Can non-competitive inhibitors be reversed and how?
Non-competitive inhibition cannot be reversed by increasing substrate concentration.
Feedback inhibition occurs when?
Feedback inhibition occurs when the end- product in the metabolic pathway reaches a critical concentration.
