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병태생리학 > The skin > Flashcards

The skin Flashcards

1
Q

Subcutaneous tissue =()

A

hypodermis

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2
Q

Squamous epithelial cells =()

A

keratinocytes

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3
Q

Adnexal components:_____________ (temperature), hair follicles ( epithelial stem cells)

A

sweat gland

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4
Q

(): 국한성의 평탄한 피부의 변색; 원형 내지 타원형; 5~10mm

A

반점(macule)

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5
Q

_________: 커다란 반점; 5~10mm 이상

A

반(patch)

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6
Q

____________: 국한성이고 표재성인 피부의 융기성 병변; 경계가 뚜렷하고 단단하며 크 기가 0.5cm 이하인 것

A

구진(솟음, papule)

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7
Q

_________: 구진보다 조금 더 큰 것으로 크기가 0.5~2cm인 것을 말함. 단단하며 일반적으 로 상당기간 지속되는 경향 있음

A

결절(nodule)

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8
Q

___________: 좀더 넓게 솟은 구진; 5~10mm 보다 큼

A

판(plaque)

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9
Q

__________: 둥글며, 상단부는 납작한 회적색의 구진 혹은 판; 대개 24~48시간 이내 사라짐

A

팽진(두드러기, wheal)

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10
Q

___________: 내부에 혈청과 혈장을 함유하는 국한성의 단발 또는 군발성의 표피 융기; 작은 수포

A

소수포(vesicle)

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11
Q

________________: 소수포 보다 커다란 것; 5~10mm

A

대수포(bulla)

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12
Q

____________: 소수포와 대수포 총합; water & blood blister

A

수포,물집(blister)

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13
Q

__________: 소수포의 내용물이 고름(농)으로 채워져 있는 경우

A

농포(고름물집, pustule)

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14
Q

_____________: 체표면성의 각질화된 상피세포; 피부가 고기 비늘 같음

A

인설(비늘, scale)

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15
Q

___________: 상처 후 생성된 각질성 표피 찌꺼기 외층

A

가피(딱지, crust)

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16
Q

___________: 장기간 긁거나 마찰한 결과, 피부의 정상적인 형태가 과장되게 비후됨

A

태선화(lichenification)

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17
Q

__________ are the most common pigmented lesions of childhood in lightly pigmented individuals.

A

Freckle (Ephelis) 주근깨

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18
Q

_________: A common benign localized hyperplasia of melanocytes occurring at all ages, but often initiated in infancy and childhood

A

Lentigo 흑색점

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19
Q

Melanocytic nevi (known colloquially as moles) are common benign neoplasms caused by acquired activating mutations in components of the RAS and BRAF signaling pathway.
• Most of us have at least a few _________.

A

Melanocyte Nevus (멜라닌세포모반, Mole, 기태)

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20
Q

_________ may be a direct precursor of melanoma
, a risk marker for melanoma.

A

Dysplastic Nevus (nevi)

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21
Q

ABCDE rule illustration (약어의 뜻은?)

A

(A) Asymmetry,
(B) Border that is uneven, ragged, or notched,
(C) Coloring of different shades of brown, black, or tan
(D) Diameter that had changed in size.
(E) Evolution or change over time, especially if rapid.

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22
Q

• common epidermal tumors occur most frequently in middle-aged or older individuals
• trunk, extremities, head, neck
• Pathogenesis: activating mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 (FGFR3)
• round, flat, coinlike, waxy plaques - millimeters to several centimeters

A

Seborrheic Keratoses 지루성각화증

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23
Q

Adnexal (Appendage) Tumors 부속기 종양 중에 on palms and soles (numerous sweat glands) 해당하는 것은?

A

Eccrine poroma(외분비땀구멍증)

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24
Q

ductal (apocrine or eccrine) differentiation
: occurs on the forehead and scalp

A

Cylindroma(원주종)

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25
Q

eccrine differentiation
: multiple, small, tan papules in the vicinity of the lower eyelids

A

Syringomas(땀관종)

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26
Q

internal malignancy in the Muir-Torre syndrome

A

Sebaceous adenomas(피지샘종)

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27
Q

follicular differentiation/mutations in CTNNB1 (β-catenin)

A

Pilomatricomas(털바탕질종)

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28
Q

similar lesions in lips

A

actinic cheilitis (광선입술염, 광선구순염)

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29
Q

___________: the second most common tumor arising on sun-exposed sites in older people, exceeded only by basal cell carcinoma

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) 편평세포암종

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30
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) 편평세포암종의 risk factors?

A

industrial carcinogens (tars and oils), chronic ulcers
and draining osteomyelitis, old burn scars, ingestion of arsenicals, ionizing radiation, and (in the oral cavity) tobacco and betel nut chewing

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31
Q

__________: a distinctive locally aggressive cutaneous tumor, associated with mutations activating the Hedgehog signaling pathway

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) 바닥세포암종

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32
Q

____________ encompasses a spectrum of rare disorders characterized by increased numbers of mast cells in the skin and, in some instances, in other organs as well..

A

Mastocytosis 비만세포증

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33
Q

__________ is a common disorder of the skin characterized by localized mast cell degranulation and resultant dermal microvascular hyperpermeability.
__________ is closely related to urticaria and is characterized by edema of the deeper dermis and the subcutaneous fat.

A

Urticaria 두드러기, Angioedema

34
Q

__________: 구진보다 조금 더 큰 것으로 크기가 0.5~2cm인 것을 말함. 단단하며 일반적으 로 상당기간 지속되는 경향 있음

A

결절(nodule)

영단어를 외워야함

35
Q

________: 좀더 넓게 솟은 구진; 5~10mm 보다 큼

A

판(plaque)

영단어를 외워야함

36
Q

____________: 둥글며, 상단부는 납작한 회적색의 구진 혹은 판; 대개 24~48시간 이내 사라짐

A

팽진(두드러기, wheal)

영단어를 외워야함

37
Q

______________: 내부에 혈청과 혈장을 함유하는 국한성의 단발 또는 군발성의 표피 융기; 작은 수포

A

소수포(vesicle)

영단어를 외워야함

38
Q

_______________: 소수포 보다 커다란 것; 5~10mm

A

대수포(bulla)

영단어를 외워야함

39
Q

____________: 소수포와 대수포 총합; water & blood blister

A

수포,물집(blister)

영단어를 외워야함

40
Q

____________: 소수포의 내용물이 고름(농)으로 채워져 있는 경우

A

농포(고름물집, pustule)

영단어를 외워야함

41
Q

_________: 체표면성의 각질화된 상피세포; 피부가 고기 비늘 같음

A

인설(비늘, scale)

영단어를 외워야함

42
Q

__________: 상처 후 생성된 각질성 표피 찌꺼기 외층

A

가피(딱지, crust)

영단어를 외워야함

43
Q

____________: 장기간 긁거나 마찰한 결과, 피부의 정상적인 형태가 과장되게 비후됨

A

태선화(lichenification)

영단어를 외워야함

44
Q

______________: 확산성의 표피과다형성

A

가시세포증(극세포증, Acanthosis)

45
Q

____________: 과립층의 과다형성, 흔히 과도한 마찰에 의함

A

과과립구증(Hypergranulosis)

영단어를 외워야함

46
Q

________: 각질층의 비후, 흔히 케라틴의 양적인 비정상과 연관됨

A

과다각화증(과각화증, hyperkeratosis)
—>영단어를 외워야함

47
Q

_________: 표피의 바닥세포층속 멜라닌세포의 선상 증식

A

흑색점(검은사마귀, Lentiginous)

48
Q

__________: 연속된 진피유두의 과다형성과 팽창에 의해 야기되는 표면융기

A

유두종증(papillomatosis)

영단어를 외워야함

49
Q

________: 각질층 속에 핵을 가진 각질화, 점막 위에서는 이상각화증이 정상임

A

이상각화증(parakeratosis)

50
Q

____________: 진피 혹은 피부밑을 드러내도록 표피가 완전소실되는 피부의 불연속성

A

궤양형성(궤양화, ulceration)

영단어를 외워야함

51
Q

___________: 세포 속이나 세포 주위에 공포가 형성되는 것

A

공포형성(공포화, Vacuolization)

영단어를 외워야함

52
Q

__________ are the most common pigmented lesion of childhood in lightly pigmented individuals.

A

Freckle(Ephelis) 주근깨

53
Q

_________ may be a direct precursor of melanoma.
a risk marker for melanoma.

A

Dysplastic Nevus

54
Q

__________: common epidermal tumors occur most frequently in middle-aged or older individuals

trunk, extremities, head, neck

A

Seborrheic Keratoses 지루성각화증

55
Q

• marked by thickened, hyperpigmented skin with a “velvet-like” texture that most commonly
appears in the flexural areas (axillae, skin folds of the neck, groin, and anogenital regions)

• in 20% if cases: associated with cancers, most commonly gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas , usually in middle-aged and older individuals

associated with obesity or endocrine abnormality( pituitary tumor, diabetes)

A

Acanthosis Nigricans 흑색가시세포증

56
Q

Adnexal (Appendage) Tumors 부속기종양 중 on palms and soles (numerous sweat glands)

A

Eccrine poroma(외분비땀구멍증)

57
Q

on palms and soles (numerous sweat glands) 중 ductal (apocrine or eccrine) differentiation 그리고 forehead and scalp

A

Cylindroma(원주종)

58
Q

Adnexal (Appendage) Tumors 부속기종양 중에 internal malignancy in the Muir-Torre syndrome은?

A

Sebaceous adenomas(피지샘종)

59
Q

Adnexal (Appendage) Tumors 부속기종양 중에 follicular differentiation, mutations in CTNNB1 (β-catenin encoding gene)

A

Pilomatricomas(털바탕질종)

60
Q

The Greek word eczema , meaning “to boil over,” vividly describes the appearance of ___________one of the most common skin disorders.

A

acute eczematous dermatitis(급성습진피부염)

61
Q

acute eczematous dermatitis
Ags taken up by Langerhans cells  migrate to draining lymph node through dermal lymphatics
 presented to CD4+ T cells  T cells activated, developed to effector & memory cells.

In contact dermatitis,_______________ within the epidermis play a central role.

A

Langerhans cells

62
Q

_______________ is characterized by keratinocyte injury mediated by skin-homing
CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

A

Erythema Multiforme 다형홍반

63
Q

___________ may be mild or may produce severe deformities resembling the joint
changes seen in rheumatoid arthritis, may also be associated with myopathy, enteropathy, and AIDS.

A

Psoriasis 건선

64
Q

Psoriatic lesions can be induced in susceptible individuals by local trauma, a process known as
the __________.

A

Koebner phenomenon

65
Q

얀센 판상형 건선 신약 ‘__________’ FDA 승인
IL-23 선택적 차단 중등도~중증 판상형 건선 개선

A

트렘피아 (Tremfya: 구셀쿠맙)

66
Q

______________ has been noted to occur in chronic mucosal and paramucosal lesions of
lichen planus, and could be an example of carcinogenesis in the setting of a chronic inflammatory process.

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

67
Q

피부층을 basement membrane에서 먼 순서로 부터 서술해라
stratum (__________), basal cell layer, basement membrane 이 순서로

A

corneum, granulosum, spinosum

68
Q

Some disorders characterized by vesicles and bullae are mediated by inherited or in some
cases acquired defects involving structural proteins that maintain the normal organization
of the skin. Two such disorders are ____________.

A

Epidermolysis Bullosa and Porphyria 증식물집표피박리증과 포르피린증

69
Q

___________ are small follicular papules containing a central black keratin plug. This color is the result of oxidation of melanin pigment (not dirt).

A

Open comedones ( 개방여드름 , 개방면포

70
Q

____________ are follicular papules without a visible central plug.
Because the keratin plug is trapped beneath the epidermal surface, these lesions are p.

A

Closed comedones ( 폐쇄여드름 , 폐쇄면포

71
Q

___________ presents as poorly defined, exquisitely tender, erythematous plaques and nodules that may be more readily palpated than seen.

A

Erythema Nodosum(결절홍반)

72
Q

____________ is an uncommon type of panniculitis that affects primarily adolescents and menopausal women.

A

Erythema Induratum(경화홍반)

73
Q

지방층염의 영어 용어는?

A

Panniculitis

74
Q

_____________ are squamoproliferative disorders caused by human papillomaviruses.

A

Verrucae (Warts) 사마귀

75
Q

_____________ is a common, self-
limited viral disease of the skin caused by a
poxvirus.

A

Molluscum Contagiosum 물사마귀

76
Q

___________ has been associated with in situ
squamous cell carcinoma of the genitalia and
with bowenoidpapulosis.

A

HPV type 16

77
Q

_______ usually occurs in children and is only rarely seen in infants and adults. It
is a dermatophytosis of the scalp characterized by asymptomatic, often hairless patches of skin
associated with mild erythema, crust formation, and scaling.

A

Tinea capitis ( 머리백선증

78
Q

__________ is a dermatophyte infection of the beard area that affects adult men; it is
a relatively uncommon disorder.

A

Tinea barbae ( 수염백선증

79
Q

____________ is a common superficial fungal infection of the body surface that affects
persons of all ages, but particularly children. Predisposing factors include excessive heat and
humidity, exposure to infected animals, and chronic dermatophytosis of the feet or nails.

A

Tinea corporis ( 몸백선증 )

80
Q

_________ occurs most frequently in the inguinal areas of obese men during warm
weather. Heat, friction, and maceration all predispose to its development.

A

Tinea cruris ( 샅백선증 )

81
Q

________________ affects 30% to 40% of the population at some time in
their lives. There is diffuse erythema and scaling, often initially localized to the web spaces. Most of
the inflammatory reaction, however, appears to be the result of bacterial superinfection and is not
directly related to the primary dermatophytosis.

A

Tinea pedis ( athlete’s foot )( 족부백선 , 무좀 )

82
Q

____________ usually occurs on the upper trunk and is highly distinctive in appearance.
Caused by Malassezia furfur (a yeast, not a dermatophyte), the lesions consist of groups of
macules of varied size and color with a fine peripheral scale.

A

Tinea versicolor( 어루러기 )

병태생리학 (5 decks)

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