The shoulder Flashcards
4 joints of the shoulder
AC joint
sternoclavicular joint
glenohumeral joint
scapulothoracic articulation
subscapularis
attaches to the lesser tuberosity
innervated by the upper and lower subscapular nerves
supraspinatus
attaches to the greater tuberosity
innervated by the suprascapular nerve
infraspinatus
attaches to the greater tuberosity
innervated by the suprascapular nerve
teres minor
attaches to the greater tuberosity
innervated by the posterior branch of the axillary nerve
the relevance of the neck in shoulder problems
its the joint above
neck and shoulder pain can be felt in the same place
brachial plexus
bones of the neck
7 cervical spine
lordosis
rotation of the head
mainly performid in the atlantoaxial segment (C1/2)
the odnoid peg acts as axis of rotation
stabilised by the transverse liganment
the brachial plexus
5 roots in the ventral rami of spinal nerves
3 trunks (superior, middle and inferior)
3 anterior divisions
3 posterior divisions
3 cords (lateral, posterior and medial)
5 terminal branches (musculocutaneous, axillary, radial, median, ulnar)
terminal branches of the brachial plexus
musculocutaneous - C5,6,7 axillary - C5,6 radial - C5,6,7,8,T1 median - C5,6,7,8,T1 ulnar - C8,T1
subachromial impingement
irritation of the sub-acromial bursa or tendons of the rotator cuff, causing pain
presents with painful arc and restriction of function
frozen shoulder
adhesive capsulitis
idiopthic
diabetes - increases risk, more aggressive, takes longer to resolve
CVA, trauma, surgery, antiretrovirals are all risk factors
3 phases of frozen shoulder
Freezing - pain, worsening movement, lasts up to 9 months
Frozen - pain improves, movement limited, lasts up to another 9 months
Thawing - no pain, movement improves, can take up to 2 years
