DVT Flashcards
1
Q
Virchow’s triad
A
Alterations in blood flow (e.g. stasis)
vascular endothelial injury
alterations of the constituents of the blood (e.g. hypercoagulable state)
2
Q
causes of inherited VTE
A
inherited thrombophilia factor V leiden mutation prothrombin gene mutation protein S deficiency protein C deficiency antithrombin deficiency
3
Q
plasma factors
A
elevated levels of plasma compnents, coagulant factors
and inflammatory chemokines
4
Q
acquired VTE
A
malignancy presence of central venous catheter surgery e.g. total hip/knee replacement trauma pregnancy oral contraceptives HRT immoblization congestive failure antophospholipid syndrome
5
Q
antiphospholipid syndrome
A
a disorder of the immune system increasing the chances of clotting
6
Q
(common) signs pf PE
A
tachypneoa tachycardia rales (on chest auscultation) decreased breath sounds accentuated pulmonary component of the second heart sound jugular venous distension
7
Q
DVT
A
one small area of calf is tender, warm and red think DVT
8
Q
medical conditions associated with an elevated d-dimer
A
arterial thromboembolic disease MI stroke acute limb ischaemia AF intracardiac thrombus VE DVT PE DIC pre-eclampsia and eclampsia abnormal fibrinolysis malignancy SIRS
