The Self

Question 1

Describe self esteem

Answer 1

Personal judgement of worthiness (what we feel about ourselves)

Question 2

What are the 4 subdomains can self-concept be split into

Answer 2

Academic
Social
Emotional
Physical

Question 3

What do athletes with poor self esteem do

Answer 3

Rely on how they’re doing in the present (unstable)
Success sustains self esteem, doesn’t raise it
Less resilient and consistent
Failure has more significant impact on them in the future

Question 4

What do athletes with high self esteem do

Answer 4

Future performance less affected by failure
Accept and value themselves as worthy (cope with failure)

Question 5

What are the effects with positive and negative self esteem

Answer 5

High: independence, leadership, adaptability, stress resilience
Low: anxiety, depression, phobias

Question 6

What did SPEX researchers decide have the biggest impact on self esteem

Answer 6

Physical activity

Question 7

Define self confidence

Answer 7

A belief about our ability to be successful

Question 8

Define trait and state self confidence

Answer 8

Trait: how confident you feel about your abilities in general (stable/consistent)

State: how confident you feel in the situation right now

Question 9

What are the benefits of self confidence

Answer 9

Arouses positive affect
Facilitate concentration
Affects goals
Increases effort
Affects game strategies
Affects psychological momentum
Affects performance

Question 10

True or false: confidence overrides incompetence

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Describe how lack of confidence undermines performance

Answer 11

Less effective thinker
More negative attitude
Give up easily
Avoid challenging situations
Focused on outcome

Question 12

Describe overconfidence

Answer 12

When confidence outweighs abilities

Question 13

What is inflated confidence

Answer 13

When people believe they are better than they are
Overestimating ability causes a lack of adequate preparation
Ability is present

Question 14

What is false confidence

Answer 14

Confident in the outside but lack competence to be successful

Question 15

What are three ways can you deal with overconfidence

Answer 15

Take games/comp seriously
Respect opponents and don’t underestimate
Hard work/effort needed for every game

Question 16

Define the self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 16

A prediction that sets in motion a series of events that ultimately causes the original prediction to come true

(What you expect is what you get)

Question 17

What are 5 misconceptions about self confidence

Answer 17

You have it or you don’t
Only positive feedback builds confidence
Success always builds confidence
Confidence = outspoken arrogance
Mistakes destroy confidence

Question 18

Define self efficacy

Answer 18

The perception of one’s ability to perform a task successfully in a specific situation

Question 19

What is the difference between self confidence and self efficacy

Answer 19

Self confidence is global
Self efficacy is situation specific

Question 20

How is behaviour predicted by self efficacy

Answer 20

Better predicted by beliefs about one’s capabilities rather than actual capabilities

Question 21

What are adoption and persistence in behaviour determined by

Answer 21

Expectations about skills and capabilities
Outcome expectations
Value of those outcomes

Question 22

How would a person with high self efficacy act

Answer 22

Set higher goals and show more persistence
Attribute failure to effort so that they persist

Question 23

How would a person with low self efficacy act

Answer 23

Attribute failure to low ability and be more likely to give up

Question 24

What are the 6 sources of self efficacy

Answer 24

Performance accomplishments
Vicarious experience
Verbal persuasion
Imaginal experiences
Physiological states
Emotional states