Motivation Flashcards
Describe motivation
The direction and intensity of one’s effort
What are the three theories behind motivation
Self determination theory (Deci+Ryan)
Achievement goal theory (Nicholls)
Attribution theory (Weiner)
What aspect of motivation does SDT look at
What motivates people
Outline SDT
Assumption: humans are growth oriented organisms + seek challenges
Tendency for growth manifested through intrinsic motivation
World of sport can use extensive rewards
What are the three basic psychological needs for SDT
Autonomy - feel in control
Competence - able to master a skill
Relatedness - experience belonging
Define intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
Intrinsic: participation is purely pleasurable, effort based on enjoyment
Extrinsic: participation driven by trophies or other external factors
What part of motivation does achievement goal theory look at
How individuals define success or failure (how we are motivated)
Define task mastery orientation
People take pride in improving their ability and performance in relation to their own past performances
Describe ego orientation
People take pride in demonstrating superiority over others (social comparison)
What are traits of:
high ego — low task
High ego — high task
Low ego — low task
Low ego — high task
HE LT: anxiety, intent on winning
HE HT: focus on winning, uses feedback constructively
LE LT: disinterested, low perceived ability
LE HT: low anxiety, high enjoyment
What are attributions
Specific causes used to explain outcome/behaviour
What are the two dimensions to weiners attribution model
Stability (stable/unstable)
Locus of causality (internal/external)
Describe what high achievers tend to do with attributions
Success to internal factors
Failure to external factors
Show approach behaviours
What do low achievers tend to do with their attributions
Success to external factors
Failure to internal factors
Avoidance behaviour
