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Year 2 DO Diploma Revision > The Sclera > Flashcards

The Sclera Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Sclera

A

The tough white outer shell of the eyeball

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2
Q

Location

A

Anteriorly connects to the cornea via the limbus

Posteriorly connects to Tenon’s Capsule

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3
Q

Tenon’s Capsule

A

Thin membrane made up of elastin fibres, covers the globe from limbus to optic nerve

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4
Q

Function (4 features)

A

Protects
Reduces amount of light entering eye
Supports internal structures
Anchors extrinsic ocular nevres

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5
Q

Thickness: Posterior pole

A

1mm

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6
Q

Thickness: at equator

A

0.5mm

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7
Q

Thickness: Corneo-scleral junction

A

0.7mm

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8
Q

Thickness: at insertion of EOMs

A

0.3mm

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9
Q

3 layers of the sclera

A

Episclera

Stroma

Lamina Fusca

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10
Q

Function of Episclera

A

Attaches sclera to Tenon’s capsule

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11
Q

Function of Stroma

A

Attaches to extrinsic ocular muscles

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12
Q

Function of Lamina Fusca

A

Route for blood vessels and nerve

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13
Q

Features: Episclera

A

Vascular connective tissue

Lies between stroma and capsule

Less vascular towards posterior pole

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14
Q

Features: Stroma

A

Made up of collagen, elastin, fibroblast and matrix

Relatively avascular

Random arrangement of collagen fibres

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15
Q

Features: Lamina Fusca

A

Inner surface of sclera, made up of connective tissue

High amount of melanocytes – dark appearance

Collagen fibres connect to sclera stroma, ciliary body and choroid

Blood vessles and nerves in this layer normally en route to other parts of the eye

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16
Q

Anterior Nerve Supply

A

2 long posterior ciliary nerves

Posteriorly - short nerves entering the sclera around the optic nerve

17
Q

Anterior Blood Supply

A

Episcleral plexus from anterior ciliary arteries/veins

18
Q

Posterior Blood Supply

A

Long and short posterior ciliary arteries

19
Q

Posterior Nerve Supply

A

Short ciliary nerves entering the sclera around the optic nerve

20
Q

Scleral Spur

A

trabecular meshwork connect to anterior surface and ciliary muscle fibres connect to the posterior surface

Year 2 DO Diploma Revision (10 decks)

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