the Russian econonmy 1892 - 1914

Question 1

heavy Industry transformation under Witte

Answer 1

annual growth rate of more than 8 percent per annum from 1894 to 1913

railway trackage doubled 59 000 miles by 1905

coal output in Russia 183 million puds in 1890 - 671 million in 1900

caspian sea port of baku - 153m puds to 570m

But concentrated areas, area of 23,000 square km producing 87 percent of russian coal

Question 2

Light industry transformation under witte

Answer 2

40 percent of the total industrial output in 1910

poor working conditions reduced consumer goods cholera killed 30,000 in cities 40 percent of houses in st p did not have running water or sewage system.

between 1908 and 1913 growth rate of 8.5 percent per year

by 1914 russia 4th largest industrial power, made german army worried

Question 3

weaknesses of stolypins land reforms

Answer 3

1.3 m of 5 m applications for consolidation of land dealt with by 1913
by 1914 only 10 percent of land transferred from communal to private
less than 1 percent of the population kulaks
90 percent of land still in strips
50 percent of land remained in the hands of landowners

Question 4

stolypins land reforms

Answer 4

most significant legislation 1906

peasants granted equal rights in local administration
given right to leave the commune, new peasants land bank established

redemption payments abolished
became russias leading cereal exporter as grain rose by 60 percent from 1900 to 1914

Question 5

foriegn investment

Answer 5

1900 - 911 million roubles in foriegn investment
]rose to 2000 million in 1914

new currency to reduce wild variations in value

A third of foriegn investment came from the french

risk in long term with ww1 on horizon heavy reliance and debt?