State of Russia in wartime Flashcards
Initial patriotism facts
- strike activity ceased
extremists imprisoned for lacking patriotism
duma dissolved itself, not wanting to burden the country with unnecessary politics
st petersburg - petrograd
vast army assembled
key early defeats
battle of tannenburg 19144, 300,000 died
Masurian lakes 1914
stuff that the government did that made them look bad
Nicholas made himself commander in chief of navy and army
German wife and rasputin
Instability from constant changes in ministers
suspended sittings of the duma despite demands to establisg a government of public confidence
stuff the zemstva did to look good
claimed gov. insensitive to needs, e.g. prohibition of alcohol
“union of zemstva” provided medical facilities
factory owners established a congress of representatives of industry to co ordinate production
military issues
unable to provide for the 15m mobilised men
lack of suitable weaponry warm clothing or footwear
1914 2/3 rifles
1915 2 or 3 shells per day
serious lack of experienced officers
1916 1.5 million desertions
economic issues
spending on war rose from 1500 million roubles in 1914 to 14500 million in 1918
poland and other parts of western russia overrun by germans
naval blockades of baltic and black sea ports
railway locomotive production halved 1913 - 1916
non military factories closed
some did well in countryside, relieved from competition due to conscription
strikes and thier relation to economic issues
14th feb 1917 news that bread would be rationed brought violent exchanges and 100,000 workers from 58 different factories went on strike in Petrograd.
26th feb mutiny began in volynski regiment involving 66,000 soldiers with 40,000 rifles when tsar tried to restore order with military force
aniversary of bloody sunday led 105,000 workers to protest
24th feb 200,000 workers on strike overturning tsarist statues, and by the 25th petrograd at a standstill. 28th nicholas offers to share power with duma
terms of order no.1
officers not to address soldiers in the ‘ty’ form
all soldiers to enjoy full citizens rights when off duty
all units to elect a deputy to the soviet and agree to the political control of the petrograd soviet.