The Roman Republic

Question 1

The romans are a blend of 3 peoples:

Answer 1

Latins, Etruscans, and Trojan Greeks

Question 2

Original settlers of Rome

Answer 2

Latins

Question 3

Latins settled on 7 hills near the Tiber River, so it was originally called

Answer 3

Latium

Question 4

Rome was originally called

Answer 4

“Hesperia” Which means the “Land of the Evening Sun”

Question 5

Epic poem written by Roman historian Virgil about Trojan survivor of Troy and his wanderings

Answer 5

Aeneid

Question 6

Aeneas landed in Italy after years of wandering and becomes the earliest ancestor of the Romans. Great great great… grandfather of the twins:

Answer 6

Romulus and Remus. (Sent down the Tiber River in a basket, raised by wolves)

Question 7

First king of Rome?

Answer 7

Romulus

Question 8

Rome’s 3 forms of government

Answer 8

Monarchy - Republic - Empire

Question 9

2 main social classes:

Answer 9

1. Patricians - wealthy, aristocratic noble class

2. Plebeians - everyone else

Question 10

Republic

Answer 10

Government where the citizens chose there own leaders based on laws

Question 11

3 governing bodies

Answer 11

1. Senate - represented the Patricians, made the laws, 300 men
2. Consuls - Rulers. Chosen by assembly. 2 of them.
3. Assembly - elected by and represented the Plebeians. Members called Tribunes. Elected the consuls

Question 12

Forum

Answer 12

Main public square - has the 12 tables

Question 13

Official emblem of Rome - Roman senate and the people

Answer 13

SPQR

Question 14

High priest - Consul of Rome was known as:

Answer 14

Pontifex Maximus. - Roman religion was same as Greek mythology but with different names for the gods

Question 15

Protecters of Rome, “Eternal Flame”

Answer 15

Vestil Virgins

Question 16

Paterfamilias means

Answer 16

Father is the head of the family

Question 17

Patricians live in mansions called

Answer 17

Villas

Question 18

Romes goal:

Answer 18

To conquer the entire civilized world

Question 19

Rome had 2 armies:

Answer 19

1 to protect the city of Rome and the emperor, and one to protect the empire

Question 20

Praetorian guard:

Answer 20

Elite force of soldiers that protected the city of Rome and the Emperor

Question 21

Legionaries (Roman soldier)

Answer 21

Protected the empire

Question 22

Roman officers were called

Answer 22

Centurions

Question 23

Colonia

Answer 23

Roman settlements / Forts

Question 24

*All roads lead to Rome

Answer 24

Don’t forget to study Algebra 2

Question 25

Carthage was Rome’s biggest rival, known as,

Answer 25

“Jewel of the Mediterranean” (Tunisia - North Africa)

Question 26

3 Punic wars, Rome vs. Carthage

Answer 26

Rome, land power - Carthage, Naval power

Question 27

1st war lasted 20 years

Answer 27

Rome wins; gains the island of Sicily

Question 28

2nd war, 17 years

Answer 28

Rome wins Spain

Question 29

Hannibal, son of Hamilcar Barca, Carthage’s leading general, raised havoc over the Italian peninsula for 15 years. What does Rome do?

Answer 29

Romans led be scipio, something about “Scourge of Rome” Scared their elephants and won the “Battle of Zama”. - Rome wins war

Question 30

3rd war was 3 years

Answer 30

“Siege of Carthage” Rome levels Carthage.

Question 31

The Mediterranean Sea becomes known as:

Answer 31

“More Nostrum” which means, “Our sea”

Question 32

Slaves made up 40% of Rome’s population

Answer 32

Thousands of “Urban poor” pour into the city

Question 33

Led a revolt of 90,000 slaves!

Answer 33

Spartacus

Question 34

2 brothers who tried to help the poor by proposing “Land Reform”

Answer 34

Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus

Question 35

First person to create his own Personal army was

Answer 35

Marius

Question 36

First person to come to power using a personal army and took the name of dictator

Answer 36

Sulla

Question 37

Julius Caesar:

Answer 37

Young rising military star

Hailed as a hero by the lower class

Question 38

1st Triumvirate (Rule of 3)

Answer 38

Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Caesar

Question 39

Co-Rulers of Egypt

Answer 39

Ptolemy and Cleopatra (brother and sister)

Question 40

Cleopatra and Caesar fall in love/have a son

Answer 40

Caesarian - not legitimate, he was already married

Question 41

Caesar proclaimed himself “Dictator for life”

Answer 41

March 15, “Ides of March” He was murdered by 60 of the senators - Led by Brutus

Question 42

2nd Triumvirate formed,

Answer 42

Octavian, Marc Anthony, and Lepidus

Question 43

Octavian and Anthony have war, Octavian wins in Battle of Actium

Answer 43

Octavian brings an end to the Civil wars and to the Republic