Islam Flashcards
“Bedouins”
Nomads - lived in tents, made up of different family tribes
Sheikh
Title for the leader/ruler of each tribe
Very tribal /warlike - always fighting each other over
Camels and horses *(source of wealth) and water
Kaaba
Major shrine built by Abraham. Also called great stone
Hanifs
(Holy men were the first to denounce idol worship and started to worship 1 god
Muhammad
Prophet of Islam (new religion) aka “the prophet” or “the Messenger”
Muhammed marries
Khadijah - wealthier older widow
He had 2 revelations. First being
Of Gabriel (vision in a cave) - told him one true god named allah
2nd revelation
Told to warn the people to stop worshipping idols and worship only allah
Muslims
Followers of Islam
Th wealthy merchants and religious leaders did not like his preaching, why?
It made them loose revenue, money
Muhammed and his followers forced to flee to the city of
Medima
His “flight” in AD 622 is known as the
Hijra and is the beginning of the Islamic era and first year in their calendar
He preaches in
Madinah and converts many new followers - becomes the first Islamic community/state in the world
Umman
Community of believers
Mecca = birthplace of Muhammed - holiest city of Islam.
Medina is the
Burial place of Muhammad and is the 2nd most holy place, and Jerusalem is where he went to heaven and is the 3rd most holy place
Ishmael
Father of the Arabs
Five pillars of Islam. Pillar number Juan
- Shahada: there is no god but allah and that Muhammad is gods prophet
2nd pillar
Salat: pray 5 times a day towards Mecca
3rd pillar
Sawm: give alms; charity to the poor (2.5% of income)
Pillar 4
Zakat: requires fasting during the day during the month of Ramadan
Pillar noomber 5; Hajj
Must take pilgrimage to the city of Mecca once in their life
Islam means
Submission to allah
Mosque
Place of worship for muslims
Muezzin
Prayer caller
Imam
Leader of the mosque
New leader’s title after Muhammad died
Caliph
Abu bakr
“Rightly guided caliph” muhammads father in law
Why were the Muslim armies so successful?
- They believed it was their duty to spread the message of Islam
- The Byzantines were weak and vulnerable to attack
Mu’awiyah
Caliphate Ali was murdered by dis dood, he also started Umayyad dynasty
Husayn
Ali’s son tried to get power back and was mucducked
