The role of leaders in challenge and suppression

Question 1

Robert Aske

Answer 1

Most influential leader of the POG

The Pontefract Articles were organised by Aske - balancing demands of the gentry and the commons

Came up with the name “The Pilgrimage of Grace - propaganda (instead of rebellion) to encourage gentry/nobility to join

Question 2

Strength of Aske

Answer 2

knowledge of legal procedure, intelligence and his skill as a speaker made him a natural leader

Question 3

Limitations of Aske

Answer 3

idealism clouded his judgement - he persuaded the rebels that they could trust the Duke of Norfolk

Too naive after being invited to spend Christmas at Court; returning in January 1537 and believing henry’s promises for a northern parliament a royal progress

Question 4

Francis Bigod

Answer 4

Member of gentry

doubtful that Aske woud achieve his aims so rebelled in Yorkshire

Question 5

Limitations of Bigod

Answer 5

Gave Henry the perfect excuse to act against other Pilgrims such as Aske

Question 6

Thomas Cromwell

Answer 6

limited role

Target of rebel’s complaints

advised Henry to negotiate to gain time for a larger army

Question 7

Henry VIII’s intial response to POG

Answer 7

fury - rejected demands of lincolshire rebels

Question 8

Strenths of Henry VIII

Answer 8

made a series of promises of vague nature but nothing was in put in writing so henry could go back on his word easily as Pilgrims would not be able to prove what haf been promised

Question 9

Limtations of Henry VIII

Answer 9

Rebels continued because their army larger than the royal army - Henry was not in a postion to issue demands

Question 10

Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk - role in 1536

Answer 10

Advised Henry to negotiate rather than fight

Suggested that Henry propose a parliament in the North

Negotiated with the rebels, defeating an army four times as large as his own without needing to resort to violence

Question 11

Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk - role in 1537

Answer 11

Sent North by Henry with armed force

Dealt with many of the rebels from Bigod’s rising and the failed attack on Carlisle through declaring marital law

Question 12

Strengths of Duke of Norfolk - Thomas Howard

Answer 12

onvinced the rebels to accept the king’s pardon and promises and to return home

he was the noble who acted as both negotiator and enforcer in the North and brought an end to the rebellion

Question 13

Executions of participants in 1537

Answer 13

approximately 200 people were executes

risings of 1537 gave Henry VIII the excuse to take revenge