The Restoration and Enlightenment Flashcards
In what year did the Restoration & Enlightenment begin?
1660
In what year did the Restoration & Enlightenment end?
1798
What English monarch returned from exile to restore the Monarchy?
King Charles 2
Charles II was a member of what house?
Stuart
In what country did Charles II spend most of his exile?
France
What religion did Charles II re-establish in England?
Anglicanism
What new political party wanted to limit royal authority?
Whigs
What new political party supported royal authority?
Tories
After Charles II died, who became King?
King James 2
What do we call the forced abdication of the throne by James II?
The Glorious Revolution
After James II abdicated the throne, who became King?
King William 3
After James II abdicated the throne, who became Queen?
Queen Mary 2
What royal decree barred Catholics from the English throne?
The act of settlement
What protestant sister of Mary established Great Britain?
Queen Anne
What distant German cousin of Queen Anne was next in line to obtain the throne?
King George I
George I was a member of what house?
Hanover
What son George I was the next King of England?
King George II
To which monarch does “The Madness of King George” refer?
George III
What is The Enlightenment also known as?
the age of reason
What is the literary movement that focused on order, balance, logic and reason known as?
neoclassicism
What political philosopher taught the rights of citizens to revolt against an unfair government?
John Locke
What scientist developed the Scientific Method, as well as explaining gravity and motion?
Sir Isaac Newton
When was the “Golden Age of Satire?”
17th-18th century
What is satire?
A literary technique in which behaviors or institutions are ridiculed for the purpose of improving society
Where did satire begin?
Greece
Where did satire “come into its own?”
Rome
It was believed that satirists were the guardians of the what?
The Culture
What is horatian satire?
Playfully amusing and refined. It seeks to correct vice or foolishness with gentle laughter and understanding.
What is juvenalian satire?
“Provokes a darker kind of laughter. It is often bitter, or even angry, and criticizes corruption or incompetence with scorn and outrage.
“
Who wrote the first English dictionary?
Robert Cawdrey
What is the (shortened) title of the first English dictionary?
A Table Alphabeticall
Approximately how many entries were in A Table Alphabeticall?
2,500
Who single-handedly wrote A Dictionary of the English Language?
Samuel Johnson
Approximately how many entries were in A Dictionary of the English Language?
42,773
What is a Lexicographer?
Someone who writes and studies dictionaries
Who wrote A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary and Expositor of the English Language?
John Walker
What American published An American Dictionary of the English Language in 1828?
Noah Webster
In 1857, what society resolved to promote a “New English Dictionary?”
The Philological Society
James A.H. Murray was the first editor of what dictionary?
The Oxford English Dictionary
Approximately how many entries were in the first edition of The Oxford English Dictionary?
414,000
Who is known as the greatest satirist of the English language?
Jonathan Swift
In what city was Jonathan Swift born to English parents?
was born in Dublin, Ireland on November 30, 1667
In what religion did Jonathan Swift become ordained priest?
Anglican
In what English political party was Jonathan Swift a member?
The whig party
What is verbal irony?
What is said is the opposite of what it meant
In the 1700’s, what country completely dominated Ireland?
England
In the 1700’s, what group of people in Ireland could not vote, hold office, buy land, or receive an education?
Catholics
In “A Modest Proposal,” what is the “great town” that the narrator refers to in the opening paragraph?
Dublin
In “A Modest Proposal,” what is it that bothers those who walk through the streets?
The number women on the streets and the number of children those women have.
In “A Modest Proposal,” what is meant by the phrase, “a child just dropped from its dam”?
a child that was just born
In “A Modest Proposal,” to whom does the narrator apply the term “breeders”?
The other number of children who won’t be eaten will become breeders
In “A Modest Proposal,” what “livelihood” do poor children allegedly begin at age six?
stealing
In “A Modest Proposal,” when does Swift’s satiric purpose become quite obvious?
when he suggests making the children into food
In “A Modest Proposal,” what secondary, and supposedly desirable, effect will the eating of Catholic children have?
A reduction
In “A Modest Proposal,” what purpose is the skin of babies to serve?
To make clothing
In “A Modest Proposal,” why isn’t the narrator concerned about getting rid of the “aged, diseased, or maimed”?
They are going to die soon anyways.
Why did the author write “A Modest Proposal”?
To better the treatment of people from Ireland
Who wrote The Rape of the Lock?
Alexander pope
What is a heroic couplet?
pair of rhymed lines written in iambic pentameter and A metrical pattern of five feet (units), each of which consists of two syllables, the first unstressed, the second stressed.
The first half of the 18th century is sometimes called the Age of what?
“The Age of Pope”
At what age did Pope publish “The Rape of the Lock?”
24
What disease of the spine did Pope develop at the age of 12?
Developed TB
Because he developed Tuberculosis (TB), Pope never grew taller than what height?
4’6’’
What is a mock epic?
Lofty style and conventions of epic poetry to satirize a trivial subject
What is an allusion?
A brief reference to a fictional or historical person, place or event, or to another literary work or passage
In The Rape of the Lock, whose hair is the subject of the Baron’s lust?
Belinda’s
In The Rape of the Lock, who warns Bellinda of the impending danger?
ariel
In The Rape of the Lock, what “epic” game do the party-goers play to pass the time?
Ombre
In The Rape of the Lock, what causes the Baron’s brain to think of new strategies to gain the lock?
The smell of the coffee
In The Rape of the Lock, what “deadly” weapon does Belinda use to fight back?
Hairpin
In The Rape of the Lock, where is it believed the lock of hair is located now and forever?
Heaven
Who wrote “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman?”
Mary Wollstonecraft
What did a woman’s education cover during the Enlightenment?
Piano, singing, embroidery,
Mary Wollstonecraft is known as the mother of what?
Feminism
What is antithesis?
a contrast or opposition between two things
What is the author’s major claim in “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman?”
That women should be given a better education to become great mothers and wives
What concession does “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman” make in regards to women’s physical strength?
That women are weaker than men
What reason does “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman” give to refute the concern that a better education will make women too masculine?
Because it will make them better wives and mothers
According to “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman,” give to refute the the contention that the purpose of education is to make women more pleasing to men?
Wives and mothers shouldn’t be treated and seen as mistresses. So their education should be used to better how they are as mothers and wives.
In “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman,” what is a woman’s desire to be loved rather than respected compared to?
A servant and a monarch
