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Exams (fall 2016) > English > Flashcards

English Flashcards

1
Q

In what year did the Medieval period begin?

A

1066

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2
Q

In what year did the Medieval period end?

A

1485

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3
Q

What is the Medieval period also known as?

A

The Middle Ages

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4
Q

Why is the Medieval period also known the Middle Ages?

A

Came between two cultural high points (The Roman Invasion & The English Renaissance)

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5
Q

What French king claimed the English throne at the end of the Anglo-Saxon period?

A

William the Conqueror

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6
Q

In what battle did the French army defeat the Anglo-Saxons?

A

The Battle of Hastings

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7
Q

On what date was William the Conqueror crowned king of England?

A

December 25, 1066

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8
Q

What was the strict Medieval class system called?

A

Feudalism

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9
Q

In the Feudal system system, all land belonged to whom?

A

King

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10
Q

In the Feudal system system, the King loaned some land to the Church and to whom?

A

Baron

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11
Q

In the Feudal system system, the Barons then granted property to whom?

A

Vassal

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12
Q

In the Feudal system system, the Vassals paid fees to the king and supplied him with what?

A

Knight

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13
Q

In the Feudal system system, who worked the manors and were the lowest class?

A

Serf

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14
Q

During the Crusades, the Christians tried to drive the “infidels” from what location?

A

The Holy Land

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15
Q

What English king spent a great deal of England’s money on the Crusades?

A

Richard I

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16
Q

In Medieval society, what were associations of merchants or craftsmen called?

A

Guilds

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17
Q

Approximately what percentage of Europe’s population was killed by the Black Death?

A

One-third

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18
Q

Where in Europe did the Black Death begin?

A

Sicily

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19
Q

Approximately how many of England’s 5 million citizens were killed by the Black Death?

A

2 million

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20
Q

What famous children’s song references the Black Death in its lyrics?

A

“Ring Around the Rosey”

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21
Q

How did the Black Death mainly spread?

A

Fleas on rats

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22
Q

What was the great land survey of 1086 called?

A

The Domesday Book

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23
Q

Name two things The Domesday Book was commissioned to do.

A

1) Assess England’s resources

2) Assess the taxes that could be raised

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24
Q

To what did the English people compare The Domesday Book?

A

The Last Judgment

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25
Q

What English king inherited England’s debts and signed The Magna Carta?

A

King John

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26
Q

Name two things this King John promised by signing The Magna Carta.

A

1) Not to tax without first meeting with the Barons

2) To only choose officers who know that law and mean to observe it

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27
Q

The Magna Carta is believed to mark the beginning of what in England?

A

Constitutional government

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28
Q

What is a narrative?

A

Writing that relates a series of events

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29
Q

What is irony?

A

The contrast between expectation and reality

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30
Q

Name the four techniques of Characterization.

A

1) Description of appearance
2) Examples of speech, thoughts, or actions
3) Response to other characters
4) Narrator’s comments

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31
Q

What became the preferred language of the aristocracy in England?

A

French

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32
Q

What language evolved out of Old English to become the language of the commoners?

A

Middle English

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33
Q

Name the three languages in the trilingual worlds of business and the professionals in England.

A

1) French
2) Latin
3) English

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34
Q

What was the official language of England in the Medieval period?

A

French

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35
Q

After three centuries, who was the first king of England whose mother tongue was English?

A

Henry IV

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36
Q

In what year did the English Renaissance begin?

A

1485

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37
Q

In what year did the English Renaissance end?

A

1660

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38
Q

What does the word “Renaissance” literally mean?

A

“Rebirth”

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39
Q

Where did the Renaissance originate?

A

Italy

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40
Q

What is a “Renaissance Man”?

A

A many-faceted person who cultivated his innate talents to the fullest

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41
Q

What war ended the Medieval Period?

A

The War of the Roses

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42
Q

Who was the first king of the English Renaissance?

A

Henry VII

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43
Q

What house did Henry VII belong to?

A

Lancaster (Tudor)

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44
Q

Who began and led the Protestant Reformation?

A

Martin Luther

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45
Q

Who succeeded Henry VII to the throne?

A

Henry VIII

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46
Q

What church did Henry VIII begin?

A

The Church of England (Anglican)

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47
Q

What title did Henry VIII grant unto himself?

A

Head of the Church of England

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48
Q

Who was Henry VIII’s first wife?

A

Catherine of Aragon

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49
Q

Who was Henry VIII’s second wife?

A

Anne Boleyn

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50
Q

Who was Henry VIII’s third wife?

A

Jane Seymour

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51
Q

Who was Henry VIII’s fourth wife?

A

Anne of Cleves

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52
Q

Who was Henry VIII’s fifth wife?

A

Kathryn Howard

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53
Q

Who was Henry VIII’s sixth wife?

A

Katherine Parr

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54
Q

Who was Henry VIII’s eldest son?

A

Edward VI

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55
Q

Who was Henry VIII’s eldest daughter?

A

Mary

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56
Q

Who was Henry VIII’s youngest daughter?

A

Elizabeth I

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57
Q

After Elizabeth I died, who became king?

A

James I

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58
Q

From what country did James I originate?

A

Scotland

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59
Q

What English king dismissed parliament and started the English Civil War?

A

Charles I

60
Q

Who became leader of England after Charles I was beheaded?

A

Oliver Cromwell

61
Q

What religion was Oliver Cromwell?

A

Puritan

62
Q

What title did Oliver Cromwell have?

A

Lord Protector

63
Q

Now that England was no longer a monarchy, what did England become?

A

Commonwealth

64
Q

The return of what king re-established the monarchy and ended the Renaissance?

A

Charles II

65
Q

The change of English vowels and sounds during this time is referred to as what?

A

The Great Vowel Shift

66
Q

In what country did the sonnet originate?

A

Italy

`

67
Q

What does the word “sonnet” translate to in English?

A

“little song”

68
Q

Define lyric poem

A

A short poem in which a single speaker expresses personal thoughts and feelings

69
Q

Who are the three major sonnet poets?

A

Francesco Petrarch
Edmund Spenser
William Shakespeare

70
Q

How many lines are in a sonnet?

A

14

71
Q

What is the meter of a sonnet?

A

Iambic Pentameter

72
Q

How many feet, or metrical units, are in Iambic Pentameter?

A

5

73
Q

What is the pattern of syllables in Iambic Pentameter?

A

Unstressed, Stressed

74
Q

What is the structure of a Petrarchan sonnet?

A

Octave

Sestet

75
Q

What are the two complete rhyme schemes of a Petrarchan sonnet?

A

abbaabba cdcdcd

abbaabba cdecde

76
Q

How is the subject matter of a Petrarchan sonnet organized?

A

Situation

Resolution

77
Q

What is the structure of a Spenserian sonnet?

A

Quatrain
Quatrain
Quatrain
Couplet

78
Q

What is the rhyme scheme of a Spenserian sonnet?

A

abab bcbc cdcd ee

79
Q

How is the subject matter of a Spenserian sonnet organized?

A

Main Idea or Question

Summary or Answer

80
Q

What is the structure of a Shakespearean sonnet?

A

Quatrain
Quatrain
Quatrain
Couplet

81
Q

What is the rhyme scheme of a Shakespearean sonnet?

A

abab cdcd efef gg

82
Q

How is the subject matter of a Shakespearean sonnet organized?

A

Situation
Exploration
Exploration (turn)
Resolution

83
Q

In what year did the Anglo-Saxon period begin?

A

449

84
Q

In what year did the Anglo-Saxon period end?

A

1066

85
Q

What is the Anglo-Saxon period also known as?

A

The Dark Ages

86
Q

Name the six early invaders of Britain in order.

A

1) Romans
2) Jutes
3) Angles
4) Saxons
5) Danes
6) Normans

87
Q

What language evolved out of the invaders’ different languages?

A

Old English

88
Q

How many words do we believe were Old English?

A

25,000

89
Q

What King of England “swore the throne to his French cousin”?

A

Edward the Confessor

90
Q

What French king led the Norman Invasion of Britain?

A

William the Conqueror

91
Q

What battle ended the Norman Conquest, and subsequently the Anglo-Saxon period?

A

The Battle of Hastings

92
Q

On what exact date was William the Conqueror crowned King of England?

A

December 25th, 1066

93
Q

What does the word wyrd mean in modern English?

A

Fate

94
Q

Who is known as the first English religious poet?

A

Caedmon of Whitby

95
Q

What King of England encouraged the English language rather than Latin?

A

Alfred the Great

96
Q

What was a scop?

A

Professional poets

97
Q

What is a stock epithet?

A

Compound adjectives

98
Q

What is a kenning?

A

Descriptive phrase or compound word

99
Q

Name the three criteria of the Heroic Tradition

A

1) Battle between good and evil
2) Superhuman feats of valor
3) Loyalty to one’s king or leader

100
Q

Explain the Elegiac Tradition.

A

Mourns the passing of earlier better times

101
Q

What is the name of the first English history book?

A

A History of the English Church and People

102
Q

Who wrote the first English history book?

A

The Venerable Bede

103
Q

The responsibilities of the cook were to prepare meals and what?

A

Clean after meals

104
Q

What made the Merchant bad at his job?

A

He was debt

105
Q

What was the Host’s main job?

A

Manager of the Tabard Inn

106
Q

How old is the Squire?

A

20 years old

107
Q

Where had the Wife of Bath traveled to three times?

A

Jerusalem

108
Q

Who was the Plowman’s brother?

A

The Parson

109
Q

What does it mean that The Sergeant at Law was also a Justice of Assize?

A

He traveled around to hear cases

110
Q

The Friar has a specific license to what?

A

Beg

111
Q

The Franklin was a sheriff. In medieval times, what did the sheriff do?

A

Checked audits and entries

112
Q

What was a Manciple in the middle ages?

A

The person in charge of purchasing and storing food for an institution

113
Q

What did the Parson see his parishioners as?

A

His sheep (flock)

114
Q

What did the Skipper have at the end of his cord around his necklace?

A

A dagger

115
Q

What is the prize for the best story told?

A

A meal paid for by the group

116
Q

What medal did the Yeoman wear on his chest?

A

Medal of St. Christopher

117
Q

What was the Summoner’s job in medieval times?

A

To summon sinners to the church

118
Q

How did we know the cook wasn’t worried about cleanliness?

A

He had an open ulcer on his knee

119
Q

The Host had to be good at mathematics and what?

A

Money

120
Q

What is a Squire?

A

Young man acting as an attendant to a knight

121
Q

At what building did Monks in the middle ages work in?

A

A monastery

122
Q

Instead of knowing Latin like a normal Nun would, what language did she know?

A

French

123
Q

What kind of institution did Chaucer’s Manciple work for?

A

A law school

124
Q

What is a Miller?

A

Someone who owns a grain mill

125
Q

What was the Yeoman’s job?

A

Forester

126
Q

Why was the Summoner bad at his job?

A

He took bribes

127
Q

What was Chaucer’s Reeve like?

A

He was a very mean old man

128
Q

How did the Guildsmen act?

A

Like they were on a higher level of society than everyone else

129
Q

What did the Pardoner say he had but was really a pillowcase.

A

The Virgin Mary’s Veil

130
Q

What was the Monk’s favorite thing to do in his spare time?

A

To hunt

131
Q

Why would the Sergeant at Law appear to be more busy than he actually was?

A

He was very lazy at his job

132
Q

A nun is a ranking just below what?

A

Abbess

133
Q

The Friar was what to those who didn’t know him?

A

Intimidating

134
Q

Our Franklin was called Epicurus’ son. Why?

A

He lived for pleasure and joy

135
Q

The Doctor carried around medicine and what?

A

Gold

136
Q

What does the Miller steal?

A

Grain

137
Q

Why were Merchants in the middle ages discriminated against?

A

They were outsiders

138
Q

What was the Reeve responsible for?

A

The management of a village

139
Q

What was Chaucer’s opinion of the Guildsmen?

A

They were foolish

140
Q

What were Pardoners originally called?

A

Questors

141
Q

What was the medieval job of the Plowman?

A

To supply food

142
Q

Parsons in the middle ages were exempt from what?

A

Paying taxes

143
Q

What was inserted inside the beak of the mask worn by plague doctors?

A

Flowers

144
Q

What did the skipper do when he fought enemies and won?

A

Made them walk the plank

145
Q

What types of people would the Wife of Bath try to help?

A

The Heartbroken

146
Q

What happens if a pilgrim refuses to tell a story on their journey?

A

They have to pay for everything bought on the trip

147
Q

What does the Host plan to do on the pilgrimage?

A

Act as the storytelling judge

Exams (fall 2016) (6 decks)

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