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Exams (fall 2016) > Government > Flashcards

Government Flashcards

1
Q

He wrote that all people have a natural right to “life, liberty, and property.”

A

John Locke

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2
Q

A loose union of independent states is a

A

confederacy

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3
Q

The effort to control or influence the conduct of government is called

A

politics

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4
Q

This part of the Constitution sets forth the goals and purposes of the federal government.

A

the Preamble

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5
Q

Any system of government in which rule is by the people is called

A

a democracy

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6
Q

The form of democracy we have in this country is called

A

representative democracy

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7
Q

Communist countries have a

A

command economy

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8
Q

This system divides the power between the state and national governments

A

federal

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9
Q

A plan that provides the rules for government is called a

A

constitution

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10
Q

These nations are in the early stages of industry and technology.

A

developing nations

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11
Q

Any system of government in which a small group holds power is called

A

an oligarchy

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12
Q

The four essential features of a state, or nation, include government, population, territory, and

A

sovereignty

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13
Q

Complete the graphic organizer defining the purposes of government.

A

Maintain social order

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14
Q

The goals and purposes of the government are expressed in the passage, which is known as the

A

Preamble of the Constitution

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15
Q

Complete the graphic organizer, identifying the five markers of free elections

A

secret ballot voting

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16
Q

Complete the graphic organizer, identifying the criteria for democracy

A

favorable economy

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17
Q

According to Thomas Jefferson, the colonists easily adapted from a monarchy to a(n)

A

democracy

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18
Q

This political philosopher wrote that people had a natural right to “life, liberty, and property.”

A

John Locke

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19
Q

Signed in 1620 by the Pilgrims, this colonial plan for self-rule is called

A

the Mayflower Compact

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20
Q

The first legislature in what became the United States was the

A

Virginia House of Burgesses

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21
Q

The first battle of the Revolutionary War were fought at

A

Lexington and Concord

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22
Q

The Intolerable Acts prompted the colonists to take this action against Britain

A

impose an embargo

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23
Q

Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress had this power.

A

to make war and peace

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24
Q

Many Americans wanted a strong national government after

A

Shay’s Rebellion

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25
Q

The Articles of Confederation went into effect in 1781 after all thirteen states

A

ratified them

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26
Q

Trade among states is known as

A

interstate commerce

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27
Q

The compromise made by the delegates to the Constitutional Convention on this issue left a terrible burden for future generations

A

slavery

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28
Q

The Magna Carta was important because it

A

established limits on government

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29
Q

The first formal constitution in the colonies was the

A

Fundamental orders of Connecticut

30
Q

This began as a struggle over lands in western Pennsylvania and Ohio

A

French and Indian War

31
Q

This led to the Boston Tea Party

A

new British Taxes

32
Q

This man wrote the original draft of the Declaration of Independence

A

Thomas Jefferson

33
Q

To establish the Northwest Territory, states had to

A

cede western lands.

34
Q

This man was known as the Father of the Constitution

A

James Madison

35
Q

Federalists were concerned that without a strong national government this would triumph.

A

anarchy

36
Q

Anti-Federalists believed this was needed.

A

bill of rights

37
Q

A series of events led the colonies to declare their independence from Britain. Choose the answer that best completes the chart identifying these events.

A

First Continental Congress

38
Q

In this quote, Jefferson is referring to this, which he wrote in 1776

A

Declaration of independence

39
Q

The Declaration of Independence was divided into three sections. What was the subject of the second, or middle section?

A

complaints against George III

40
Q

In this quote William Davie, a legislator from North Carolina, is expressing his opinion of the

A

Articles of Confederation

41
Q

Choose the best answer to complete the cause-and-effect chart, which chronicles events leading up to the Constitutional Convention of 1787.

A

Shay’s Rebellion

42
Q

Which plan or compromise was based on the Articles of Confederation?

A

New Jersey Plan

43
Q

The Framers agreed that the national government should be divided into three branches. Choose the answer that completes the chart, identifying the branches of the national government.

A

executive

44
Q

Which of the following men is being described in this chart?

A

James Madison

45
Q

How long after the passage of the Stamp Act did the colonists dump British tea into Boston Harbor?

A

6 years

46
Q

How many years passed from the end of the French and Indian War to the beginning of the Revolutionary War?

A

12 years

47
Q

The Townshend Acts placed import taxes on paint, glass, lead, and

A

tea

48
Q

Along with the enjoyment if fundamental rights comes a responsibility to ensure

A

their strength and endurance

49
Q

This prohibits government from unduly interfering with the freedom of religion

A

free exercise clause

50
Q

Which of the following is not considered protected speech?

A

fighting words

51
Q

This case on the establishment clause still stands as the benchmark for state aid to parochial schools

A

Everson v. Board of Education

52
Q

This is false and damaging speech.

A

defamatory speech

53
Q

This regulates radio and television

A

FCC

54
Q

Labor unions have the right to

A

picket

55
Q

Written defamatory speech is called

A

libel

56
Q

In Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union (1997), the supreme Court ruled that the Internet has the same level of free speech protection as

A

print media

57
Q

The court has held that prior restraint is permitted only for purposes of

A

national security

58
Q

Suppression of unpopular speech by claiming it will provoke a violent reaction in the community is known as

A

the heckler’s veto

59
Q

The First Amendment guarantees freedom of religion. Identify this clause, which guarantees that government will not favor one religion over another.

A

establishment clause

60
Q

Assuming that people carried their religion beliefs with them when they came to the United States and based on the percentages conveyed in this circle graph, the, majority of Americans would most likely be of this descent.

A

European

61
Q

The Supreme Court has set precedent regarding the establishment clause in several landmark cases. Which of the following cases, which was decided in 2000, further limited the presence of prayer in public schools?

A

Santa Fe Independent S.D. v. Doe

62
Q

What decision involving prayer in schools did the Supreme COurt hand down in 1992?

A

banned clergy-led prayer at public school graduations

63
Q

Which of the following provisions passed by Congress influenced the Supreme Court’s ruling in Westside COmmunity Schools v. Mergens?

A

Equal Access Act

64
Q

In the Supreme Court decision Reynolds v. United States, the Court ruled that George Reynolds’ religious beliefs did not justify his violation of federal law. Which of the following provisions did the Supreme Court apply to this decision?

A

Free Exercise Clause

65
Q

The First Amendment forbids laws “prohibiting the free exercise of religion.” However, the supreme Court distinguishes between belief and practice. What effort was made to overturn the principle established in Oregon v. smith, which denied people the right to perform religious rituals that did not comply with federal laws?

A

President Clinton enacted the religious Freedom Restoration Act

66
Q

There are several types of “speech.” Some forms are protected by the FIrst Amendment and others are not. Identify this form of speech, which is afforded the strongest protection

A

pure

67
Q

When reviewing cases of expressive conduct, the supreme court applies a three-part test to render its decision. Which of the following provisions is part of this test?

A

sets narrow parameters to further a government interest unrelated to free speech

68
Q

The first amendment right to free speech is very important, and the Supreme Court has established general guidelines it uses to create and maintain limits on speech. Complete the chart, identifying the three guidelines used by the Court in its decision-making process.

A

Bad Tendency Doctrine

69
Q

The First Amendment does not protect all forms of speech. Which type of speech encompasses slander and libel?

A

defamatory speech

70
Q

Although the First Amendment grants citizens the right to free speech, it is widely accepted that people should also be protected from obscene material. After many attempts to define obscenity, the Supreme Court issued a ruling on the matter. Match the ruling on the left with the correct Supreme Court case on the right.

A

Miller v. California

71
Q

The 1937 Supreme Court ruling in Dejonge v. Oregon established two legal principles involving which two amendments

A

First and Fourteenth Amendment

72
Q

The 1966 Supreme Court ruling in Adderley v. Florida denied demonstrators access to what public property?

A

county jails

Exams (fall 2016) (6 decks)

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