The Restoration Flashcards
What was the restoration?
The return to the political system of the ancient regime after napoleon got defeated in waterloo in 1815
What happened after Napoleons defeat?
In 1815 European leaders met in Vienna to discuss how they would reorganise Europe: Congress of Vienna
When did the congress of Vienna take place?
October 1814 - March 1815
What was the goal of Congress of Vienna?
Establish long term peace and stability in the continent
New European order
Security and stability for Europe
how long was congress of Vienna? What was special about it?
Originally the congress of Vienna was supposed to last 4 weeks. but it ended up lasting several months.
Who presided over the Congress of Vienna?
Austrian chancellor Prince Von Metternich.
What 3 principles were followed at the Congress?
Legitimism, Intervention, Balance of power.
Explain Legitimism
Monarchies based on the Divine Right of the Kings and tradition. Absolutism wasnewly imposed over most of Europe.
Explain Intervention
Countries would interven when necessary to maintain established order.
Explain Balance of Power
Aimed to avoid the dominance of one country over the others
What were leading countries at the Congress?
reat Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria and later on France
What country did not attend the Congress?
Ottoman Empire
What territory did Russia get?
Part of poland, Finland from Sweden
What territory did Prussia get?
Rhineland, Part of Poland
What territory did Austria get?
Austria - Italian States: Lombardy, Venetia. Part of Poland. Also, Italian states of Parma, Modena and Tuscany ruled by Austrian Princes.
What territory did Sweden and Denmark get?
Sweden took Norway from Denmark. Denmark occupied North of Germany.
What happened to HRE?
Disappeared, and a confederation of 39 German states was set up under presidency of Austria.
What became the kingdom of the Netherlands?
Belgium, Holland and Luxembourg.
What territory did Britain get?
Gained maritime hegemony through small territories like: Cape of Good Hope, Ceylon, Malta, the Ionian Islands, etc. Several territories abroad taken from France.
what political system was established?
Political system from before the French Revolution re-established.
What were 2 allainces?
The Quadruple Alliance and The Holy Alliance.
What countries formed The Holy Alliance?
Prussia, Austria and later France and Spain
What was goal of the Holy Alliance and who proposed it?
Proposed by Tsar Alexander (1st) and goal was to safeguard Absolutism and the Christian religion
What countries formed The Quadruple Alliance?
the four powers which had joined to defeat Napoleon: Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria.
What was agreed by Quadruple Alliance?
Agreed to guarantee the Vienna agreement and to meet regularly to discuss and maintain the peace of Europe
