The Respiratory system Flashcards
Which body parts are part of the upper respiratory tract?
nose, nasal cavity, sinuses and pharynx
Which body parts are part of the lower respiratory tract?
larynx, trachea, bronchial tree and lungs.
Where can you find the vocal cord?
Larynx
The trachea is made up of how many C-shaped hyaline cartilage? what is their function?
20 st and there function is to protect the trachea from colapsing
What is ventilation?
movement of air in and out of the lungs
What is external respiration?
exchanging of gases between the air in the lungs and the blood
What is internal respiration?
exchange of gases between the blood and the body cells
What is aerobic respiration?
is an reaction that involves oxygen
What happens when there is to much carbon dioxide in the blood?
the pH lowers of the blood (becomes acidic)
What is the basic formular for respiration?
oxygen + glucose -> carbon dioxide + water + ATP
What is partial pressure?
the amount of pressure each gas contributes in a mixture of gases
Where do you find central chemoreceptors?
medulla oblongata
Where do you find Peripheral chemoreceptors?
carotid sinuses and aortic arch
How is oxygen transported in the blood?
98% in hemoglobin
2% is disolved in plasma
Wich are the 2 components of hemoglobin?
Heme group
Globin
What is globin?
Proteins made up of amino acids and 4 polypeptide chains
How many oxygen molecules can a hemolgobin transport?
4 oxygen molecules
What is the name of the molecule when oxygen binds to hemoglobin?
oxyhemoglobin
How is the bond between oxygen and hemoglobin?
unstable, this makes it easier for oxygen to move into the body cells
How is carbon dioxide transported to the lungs? also state the percentage!
Dissolved in plasma, ca 7%
Bonding to hemoglobin, ca 15-25%
As bicarbonate ion, ca 70%
To what structure does CO2 bind when it binds to hemoglobin?
amino group
