Blood Flashcards
What can you find in blood?
hormones, gases, proteins, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, waste, ammonia, urea, electrolytes, water etc.
What is the general function of the bloos?
to maintain homeostasis transport gases (O2, CO2) Transport waiste products
What kind of tissue is blood?
connective tissue
what is the blood volume of the body?
ca 8% of the body weight.
an average human has about 5 liter blood.
Which cell types can be found in the blood?
Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
Leukocytes (white blood cells)
Thrombocytes (platelets)
What is the function of erythrocytes?
Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
What is the function of leukocytes?
to protect the body against diseases
What is the function of platelets?
To form clotts and clumps to stopp bleeding of an injury
How much erythrocytes can you find in the blood?
ca 45%
How much leukocytes can you find in the blood?
ca 1-2%
How much plasma kan you find in the blood?
ca 50-55%
How high is the percentage of water found in the plasma?
ca 92%
What is the name of the molecule that bind oxygen?
hemoglobin
After birth, where are erythrocytes produced?
in the red bone marrow
where does formation of erythrocytes initially occure?
yolk sac, liver and spleen
How long does an erythrocyte live?
120 days
What is the content of plasma?
water, amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, hormones, electrolytes and cellular waste
What is the function of the plasma?
to transport nutrients, gases, and vitamins
helping to regulate fluid and electrolyte balance
Maintaining a favorable pH
Name the 3 proteins found in plasma?
Albumin
Globulin
Fibrinogen
What is the main function of albumin?
They are important determinants of the osmotic pressure of the plasma. Albumins and other plasma proteins help regulate water movement between the blood and the tissues → controls bloodvolume → affects blood pressure.
What is an antigen?
a protein, carbohydrate or polymer that is capable of activating an immune response
Which are the most common antigens “making troubles” in blood transfusion?
ABO Rh group (antigen D when Rh negative)
Which of the ABO system is an universal donor?
O
What is hemostasis?
It is the process in which the bleeding is stopped when the blood vessels are damaged
Which are the 3 hemostatic steps?
A. Vasoconstriction (vasospasm)
B. Adheranse of platelets (plug formation)
C. Blood Coagulation (incombinding all 2 steps from above)
What is the first stage in blood coagulation?
prothrombin is activated to trombin
