The cardiovascular system

Question 1

What is the function of the coronary arteries?

Answer 1

on the right and left side of the aorta, supply blood to the tissues of the heart

Question 2

When are the coronary arteries filled with blood?

Answer 2

diastole

Question 3

What is the location of the heart?

Answer 3

the heart is found in the thoracic cavity, posterior to the sternum and medial to the lungs.

Question 4

What is the punction of the pulmonary circle?

Answer 4

sends oxygen poor blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and unload carbon dioxide.

Question 5

What is the function of the systemic circle?

Answer 5

sends oxygen rich blood and nutrients to all body cells and removes waste.

Question 6

What is the function of the arteries?

Answer 6

Transport oxygenated blood from the heart to the body

Question 7

What is the function of the veins?

Answer 7

to transport deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart

Question 8

What is the function of the capillaries?

Answer 8

to transport oxygen to the body´s cells

Question 9

What is the structure of the artery wall?

Answer 9

• Thick outer layer of longitudinal collagen and elastic fibres prevents leaks and bulges.
• Thick wall withstands high pressure.
• Thick layers of circular elastic fibres and muscle fibres to pump blood.
• Narrow lumen to maintain high pressure.

Question 10

What is the structure of the walls of the veins?

Answer 10

• Thin layer with few circular elastic fibres and muscle fibres as blood does not flow in pulses.
• Thin walls so that nearby muscles can help push blood towards the heart.
• Thin outer layer of longitudinal collagen and elastic fibers as pressure is low.
• Wide lumen to accomodate the slow flowing blood.

Question 11

What is the pulse?

Answer 11

heart beats per minute?

Question 12

What is the normale range of heart beats for adults?

Answer 12

60-100 beats/min

Question 13

What is the stroke volume?

Answer 13

the volume of blood that is pumped from the left ventricle per beat.

Question 14

What is the cardiac output?

Answer 14

The total volume pumped by each heart beat.

stroke volume x heart beat

Question 15

What is the peripheral resistance?

Answer 15

is the resistance to the passage of blood through the small blood vessels (arterioles)

Question 16

What effects the blood pressure?

Answer 16

cardiac output (heart beat and stroke volume) and peripheral resistance

Question 17

What is a normal blood pressure?

Answer 17

Systole 90-120

Diastole 60-80

Question 18

Why is the pressure in the pulmonary circulation low?

Answer 18

the pressure of the right ventricle is low

Question 19

From which organs recieves the liver blood?

Answer 19

The veins from the intestines, stomach, pancreas and spleen

Question 20

From which part enters the blood the liver?

Answer 20

hepatic sinusoids

Question 21

What is found in the blood the liver recieves?

Answer 21

oxygen-poor but nutrient-rich

Question 22

Which are the fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 22

A, D, E, K and B2

Question 23

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 23

Filter out toxic substances
stores vitamins (A, D, E, K and B2)
Stores glucose as glycogen
stores and modifies (oxidize) amino acids and lipids
break down kupfercells to iron and then store the iron

Question 24

What is the name of the vein blood flows after the liver?

Answer 24

inferior vena cava