The Respiratory System

Question 0

Air passages

Answer 0

Air passages carry oxygen from the outside into the lungs

Question 1

Major functions of the respiratory system

Answer 1

• deliver oxygen from atmosphere to lungs
• allow gaseous exchange within lungs
• create speech
• facilitate a sense of smell

Question 3

Nasal cavity

Answer 3

Takes air from the atmosphere and prepares it for the body by warming, moistening and filtering the air
Fine hairs called cilia make sure the air is clean

Question 4

Pharynx

Answer 4

is a shared region (throat) between air and food. Divides into two tubes, the esophagus which carries food to the stomach and the trachea which carries air towards the lungs

Question 5

Larynx (voice box)

Answer 5

Surrounded be the thyroid cartilage and contains the vocal cords.

Question 6

Trachea (windpipe)

Answer 6

carries air between the pharynx and through the thorax to the lungs. To ensure the trachea remains open it is reinforced with rings of cartilage. Also lined mucous and cilia to further cleanse the air

Question 7

Bronchial Tubes (Bronchi)

Answer 7

branch out to the left & right lung at base of trachea. Each bronchus enters its corresponding lung where it continues to branch out like a tree into small airways (bronchioles)

Question 8

Alveoli

Answer 8

Tiny bronchioles terminate in millions of tiny air sacks called alveoli. Walls of these are sacs are very thin and surrounded by capillaries (smallest blood vessels). Allow exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 9

Lungs

Answer 9

encased in the thorax and are protected by the ribs, sternum and vertebrae.

Question 10

Pleura

Answer 10

Surrounds lungs. Prevents friction as lungs expand & contract

Question 11

Diaphragm

Answer 11

Separates lungs from other internal organs. Involuntary, smooth muscle which forms the base of the chest cavity the expands and relaxes to enable inspiration and expiration.

Question 12

Gaseous exchange in the lungs

Answer 12

is the absorption of oxygen by the body and the return of carbon dioxide from the body. Exchange of gases in both directions occurs in the alveoli

Question 13

The gas exchange process

Answer 13

Air breathed into lungs, oxygen enters the alveoli. Oxygen pressure in the venous blood is lower that the pressure of the oxygen in the alveoli. A gas will always move from area of high pressure to area of low pressure (diffusion). Oxygenated blood is returned to the heart.

Question 14

Inspiration

Answer 14

the drawing in of breath; inhalation.

Question 15

Expiration

Answer 15

the exhalation of breath from the lungs.

Question 16

Epiglottis

Answer 16

The epiglottis guards the entry to the trachea to prevent food from entering