Exam Revision Flashcards

Question

Inversion

Answer 1

Moving the sole of the foot inwards at the ankle

Answer 2

Moving the sole of the foot outwards at the ankle

Answer 3

The capability of the heart, blood vessels, lungs and muscles to function at optimal efficiency

Answer 4

``` − Provides the body with shape − A solid attachment point for muscles (provides movement) − Protects vital organs − Stores essential minerals − Produces red blood cells ```

Answer 5

− Tubular − Hollow − Consist of a cylindrical shaft with knobbly ends − Filled with marrow; which is where blood cells are produced − Examples: femur (thigh), radius (forearm)

Answer 6

``` − Spongy tissue − Hard surface − Round in shape − Large range of movement − Examples: carpals (wrist bones), tarsals (ankle bones) ```

Answer 7

− Broad − Flat surfaces − Main function is to protect vital organs − Provide large surface area for attachment of muscles − Examples: scapula (shoulder blade), skull, sternum (breast bone)

Answer 8

− Vary in shape − Reinforced where additional strength is needed − Examples: vertebrae of the spinal column

Answer 9

− Passes vertically − Divides body into left and right − Examples: flexion and extension movements such as bicep curls and sit ups − Observed from side on

Answer 10

− Passes vertically − Perpendicular to sagittal plane − Divides body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) − Examples: abduction and adduction movements such as a cartwheel

Answer 11

− Passes horizontally − Divides into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) − Examples: rational movements − Observed from above or below

Answer 12

− To deliver oxygen from the atmosphere to the lungs − To allow a gaseous exchange within the lungs − To create speech − To facilitate a sense of smell

Answer 13

− The air passages − The lungs − The diaphragm

Answer 14

Carry oxygen from the outside to the lungs

Answer 15

− Takes air from the atmosphere and prepares it for the body − Warms, moistens and filters − Cilia, the fine hairs in the nose, clean the air

Answer 16

− Is in the throat − Shared between food and air − Divided into two tubes; esophagus (carries food to stomach) and trachea (carries air towards lungs)

Answer 17

− Is surrounded by thyroid cartilage − Contains vocal cords − Epiglottis guards entry to trachea to prevent food from entering

Answer 18

− Carries air between the pharynx and through the thorax to the lungs − Reinforced with rings of cartilage to ensure it stays open − Lined with mucous and cilia to cleanse air

Answer 19

− Branch out to left and right lung − Each bronchus enters corresponding lung − Continue into smaller airways called bronchioles − Then into millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli − Alveoli are thin and surrounded by capillaries − Allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer 20

− Encased in thorax − Protected by ribs, sternum, vertebrae − Separated from vital organs by diaphragm − Surrounded by thin layer called pleura to prevent friction when lungs expand and contract

Answer 21

− Absorption of oxygen by the body and return of carbon dioxide − Occurs in alveoli

Answer 22

− Air is breathed into the lungs − Oxygen enters alveoli − Diffusion − Enters blood stream − When the opposite occurs, carbon dioxide moves from capillaries to alveoli − After gaseous exchange, oxygenated blood returns to heart

Answer 23

− Involuntary, smooth muscle − Base of chest cavity − Contracts and relaxes − Enables inspiration and expiration to take place

Answer 24

− Hold about 3 litres of air − Increased by half a litre during inspiration and rest − Increase to 6 litres with forced inspiration − Decrease to 1 litre with forced expiration

Answer 25

− Understand the skill to be analysed, identifying the critical variables associated with the ‘ideal performance’

Answer 26

− Decide on the number of observations needed to make decision on critical variables − There is a need to observe the actions from different locations to observe different variables − Observe performance under different conditions e.g. match VS practice

Answer 27

− Compare critical variables of your ‘ideal performance’ with the observed performance − Prioritise practiced time with regards to strengths in performance and observed weakness

Answer 28

− Select the appropriate intervention to rectify weakness in performance − Provide feedback on the mechanical variables being practiced

Answer 29

− Check that the intervention strategies have been successful in modifying the movement

Answer 30

− Thinking/understanding − Errors are large in number and more frequent − The athlete has little capacity to correct own errors − Instruction and feedback from a coach

Answer 31

− Athlete is able to perform the basic skill − Athlete is better able to adjust to the environment − Errors became less in number and frequency − Athlete begins to direct and correct own errors − Athlete encouraged to use their own feedback

Answer 32

− Athlete does not consciously think about the specific movements − Athlete can perform other tasks at the same time − Low performance variability − Athlete can direct their own errors and make adjustments to correct them

Answer 33

− Fine motor skills involve small movements of specific body parts and require precision and control − Gross motor skills involve large muscle groups in the movement of the whole body

Answer 34

− Discrete skills have distinct beginning and end, usually short in duration − Serial skills are made up of a number of discrete movements performed in a particular order to make one integrated movement − Continuous skills have no obvious begging and end and can be continued for as long as the performer wishes

Answer 35

− Self-paced the timing of the skill is entirely up to the performer − Externally paced skills factors outside the control of the performer determine the timing and execution of the skill

Answer 36

− Closed skills those performed in a stable, predictable environment where there is no uncertainty or change in the conditions − Open skills those in which the movement is continually being varied depending on what is going on around the performer

Answer 37

The capacity of the body to be involved in continuous physical activity for an extended period of time

Answer 38

The ability of a muscle or a group of muscles to exert a force against resistance in a singular muscular contraction

Answer 39

The ability of a muscle or a group of muscles to expert a force a force repeatedly over and extended period of time or sustain a contraction for an extended period of time

Answer 40

The capacity of a joint to move a full range of motion, or the ability to bend, stretch and twist without injury

Answer 41

Determining body composition indicates the percentages of fat, muscle and bone that make up the total body weight

Answer 42

The ability to release maximum force very quickly. It is a combination of strength and speed to produce an explosion action

Answer 43

The ability to perform a movement or cover a distance in a short period of time

Answer 44

The ability to change the position of the body quickly and efficiently while retaining balance

Answer 45

Refers to the time between receiving a signal to move and the actual physical response

Answer 46

The ability of the body’s senses, nervous system and muscles to perform specific movements smoothly and accurately

Answer 47

The ability to maintain the body’s equilibrium while stationary (static balance) or in motion (dynamic)