Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physical Education Studies 1A > Exam Revision > Flashcards

Exam Revision Flashcards

1
Q

Periosteum

A

The tissue covering the outside of the bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Diaphsis

A

Diaphsis – The long, straight section of the bone, or shaft is a hollow cylinder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Compact bone

A

tissue is very dense. It is able to withstand large forces. This makes it ideal for providing protection, support and strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Proximal and distal epiphysis

A

The ends of a bone which are filled with sponge/cancellous bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Axial skeleton

A

Skull, spine and thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Arms, legs, shoulder and pelvic girdles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Vital Capacity

A

The greatest volume of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Residual Volume

A

The volume of air that remains in the lungs after a forced maximal expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Total Lung Capacity

A

The amount of air in the lungs following a maximal inspiration and is calculated by adding vital capacity of the lungs to the residual volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Tidal Volume

A

The amount of air that is inspired and expired with each normal breath during rest or any given exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

A

The amount of air that can be inspired during a forced inspiration, following a normal inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Expiratory Reserve Volume

A

The amount of air that can be expired during a forced expiration, following a normal expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Flexion

A

Bending, decreasing angle between two or more bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Extension

A

Straightening, increasing angle between two or more bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Abduction

A

Moving a body part away from the centerline of the body in either the horizontal or vertical plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Adduction

A

Moving a body part towards the centerline of the body in either the horizontal or vertical plane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Rotation

A

Moving a bone around its own longitudinal axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Circumduction

A

Moving a body part so that the end describes a circle and the body part makes the shape of a cone when it moves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Supination

A

Moving the bones of the forearm so that the radius and ulna are parallel (palms up)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pronation

A

Moving the bones of the forearm so that the radius and ulna cross over each other (palms down)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Moving the top of your foot away from the tibia, by pointing the toes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Dorsi flexion

A

Moving the top of you foot towards the tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Elevation

A

Raising the shoulder girdle upwards in relation to the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Depression

A

Lowering the shoulder girdle in the relation to the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Inversion

A

Moving the sole of the foot inwards at the ankle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Eversion

A

Moving the sole of the foot outwards at the ankle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Fitness

A

The capability of the heart, blood vessels, lungs and muscles to function at optimal efficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

5 Main Functions of the Human Skeletal System

A 
−	Provides the body with shape
−	A solid attachment point for muscles (provides movement)
−	Protects vital organs
−	Stores essential minerals
−	Produces red blood cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Long bones

A

− Tubular
− Hollow
− Consist of a cylindrical shaft with knobbly ends
− Filled with marrow; which is where blood cells are produced
− Examples: femur (thigh), radius (forearm)

30
Q

Short bones

A 
−	Spongy tissue
−	Hard surface
−	Round in shape
−	Large range of movement
−	Examples: carpals (wrist bones), tarsals (ankle bones)
31
Q

Flat bones

A

− Broad
− Flat surfaces
− Main function is to protect vital organs
− Provide large surface area for attachment of muscles
− Examples: scapula (shoulder blade), skull, sternum (breast bone)

32
Q

Irregular

A

− Vary in shape
− Reinforced where additional strength is needed
− Examples: vertebrae of the spinal column

33
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

− Passes vertically
− Divides body into left and right
− Examples: flexion and extension movements such as bicep curls and sit ups
− Observed from side on

34
Q

Frontal Plane

A

− Passes vertically
− Perpendicular to sagittal plane
− Divides body into front (anterior) and back (posterior)
− Examples: abduction and adduction movements such as a cartwheel

35
Q

Transverse

A

− Passes horizontally
− Divides into upper (superior) and lower (inferior)
− Examples: rational movements
− Observed from above or below

36
Q

4 Major Functions of the Respiratory System

A

− To deliver oxygen from the atmosphere to the lungs
− To allow a gaseous exchange within the lungs
− To create speech
− To facilitate a sense of smell

37
Q

3 Sections of Respiratory System

A

− The air passages
− The lungs
− The diaphragm

38
Q

Air passages

A

Carry oxygen from the outside to the lungs

39
Q

Nasal cavity

A

− Takes air from the atmosphere and prepares it for the body
− Warms, moistens and filters
− Cilia, the fine hairs in the nose, clean the air

40
Q

Pharynx

A

− Is in the throat
− Shared between food and air
− Divided into two tubes; esophagus (carries food to stomach) and trachea (carries air towards lungs)

41
Q

Larynx (voice box)

A

− Is surrounded by thyroid cartilage
− Contains vocal cords
− Epiglottis guards entry to trachea to prevent food from entering

42
Q

Trachea (windpipe)

A

− Carries air between the pharynx and through the thorax to the lungs
− Reinforced with rings of cartilage to ensure it stays open
− Lined with mucous and cilia to cleanse air

43
Q

Bronchial Tubes

A

− Branch out to left and right lung
− Each bronchus enters corresponding lung
− Continue into smaller airways called bronchioles
− Then into millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli
− Alveoli are thin and surrounded by capillaries
− Allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

44
Q

The Lungs

A

− Encased in thorax
− Protected by ribs, sternum, vertebrae
− Separated from vital organs by diaphragm
− Surrounded by thin layer called pleura to prevent friction when lungs expand and contract

45
Q

Gaseous Exchange in the Lungs

A

− Absorption of oxygen by the body and return of carbon dioxide
− Occurs in alveoli

46
Q

The Gas Exchange Process

A

− Air is breathed into the lungs
− Oxygen enters alveoli
− Diffusion
− Enters blood stream
− When the opposite occurs, carbon dioxide moves from capillaries to alveoli
− After gaseous exchange, oxygenated blood returns to heart

47
Q

The Diaphragm

A

− Involuntary, smooth muscle
− Base of chest cavity
− Contracts and relaxes
− Enables inspiration and expiration to take place

48
Q

Lung Volumes

A

− Hold about 3 litres of air
− Increased by half a litre during inspiration and rest
− Increase to 6 litres with forced inspiration
− Decrease to 1 litre with forced expiration

49
Q

Step 1: Preparation

A

− Understand the skill to be analysed, identifying the critical variables associated with the ‘ideal performance’

50
Q

Step 2: Observation

A

− Decide on the number of observations needed to make decision on critical variables
− There is a need to observe the actions from different locations to observe different variables
− Observe performance under different conditions e.g. match VS practice

51
Q

Step 3: Evaluation

A

− Compare critical variables of your ‘ideal performance’ with the observed performance
− Prioritise practiced time with regards to strengths in performance and observed weakness

52
Q

Step 4: Intervention

A

− Select the appropriate intervention to rectify weakness in performance
− Provide feedback on the mechanical variables being practiced

53
Q

Step 5: Re-observation

A

− Check that the intervention strategies have been successful in modifying the movement

54
Q

The Cognitive Phase

A

− Thinking/understanding
− Errors are large in number and more frequent
− The athlete has little capacity to correct own errors
− Instruction and feedback from a coach

55
Q

The Associative Phase

A

− Athlete is able to perform the basic skill
− Athlete is better able to adjust to the environment
− Errors became less in number and frequency
− Athlete begins to direct and correct own errors
− Athlete encouraged to use their own feedback

56
Q

The Autonomous Phase

A

− Athlete does not consciously think about the specific movements
− Athlete can perform other tasks at the same time
− Low performance variability
− Athlete can direct their own errors and make adjustments to correct them

57
Q

Muscle Involvement: gross motor skills or fine motor skills

A

− Fine motor skills involve small movements of specific body parts and require precision and control
− Gross motor skills involve large muscle groups in the movement of the whole body

58
Q

Continuity: discrete skills, serial skills or continuous skills

A

− Discrete skills have distinct beginning and end, usually short in duration
− Serial skills are made up of a number of discrete movements performed in a particular order to make one integrated movement
− Continuous skills have no obvious begging and end and can be continued for as long as the performer wishes

59
Q

Pacing: self-paced or externally paced

A

− Self-paced the timing of the skill is entirely up to the performer
− Externally paced skills factors outside the control of the performer determine the timing and execution of the skill

60
Q

Environmental Impact: closed skills or open skills

A

− Closed skills those performed in a stable, predictable environment where there is no uncertainty or change in the conditions
− Open skills those in which the movement is continually being varied depending on what is going on around the performer

61
Q

Cardio Respiratory Endurance

A

The capacity of the body to be involved in continuous physical activity for an extended period of time

62
Q

Muscular Strength

A

The ability of a muscle or a group of muscles to exert a force against resistance in a singular muscular contraction

63
Q

Muscular Endurance

A

The ability of a muscle or a group of muscles to expert a force a force repeatedly over and extended period of time or sustain a contraction for an extended period of time

64
Q

Flexibility

A

The capacity of a joint to move a full range of motion, or the ability to bend, stretch and twist without injury

65
Q

Body Composition

A

Determining body composition indicates the percentages of fat, muscle and bone that make up the total body weight

66
Q

Power

A

The ability to release maximum force very quickly. It is a combination of strength and speed to produce an explosion action

67
Q

Speed

A

The ability to perform a movement or cover a distance in a short period of time

68
Q

Agility

A

The ability to change the position of the body quickly and efficiently while retaining balance

69
Q

Reaction Time

A

Refers to the time between receiving a signal to move and the actual physical response

70
Q

Coordination

A

The ability of the body’s senses, nervous system and muscles to perform specific movements smoothly and accurately

71
Q

Balance

A

The ability to maintain the body’s equilibrium while stationary (static balance) or in motion (dynamic)

Physical Education Studies 1A (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions