The respiratory system

Question 1

Define breathing rate

Answer 1

The number of breaths per minute

Question 2

Define tidal volume

Answer 2

The volume of air inspired or expired per breath

Question 3

Define minute ventilation

Answer 3

The volume of air inspired or expired per minute

Question 4

Breathing equation

Answer 4

Breathing rate x Tidal volume = Minute ventilation

Question 5

Mechanics of breathing-Inspiration at rest

Answer 5

-external intercostals and diaphragm contract and flattens
-ribs move up and out
-thoracic cavity volume increases
-pressure decreases

Question 6

Mechanics of breathing-Expiration at rest

Answer 6

-External intercostals and diaphragm relax and returns to dome shape
-ribs move down and in
-thoracic cavity volume decreases
-pressure increases

Question 7

Mechanics of breathing-Inspiration during exercise

Answer 7

-Sternocleidomastoid + pectoralis major
-ribs move up and out more
-thoracic cavity volume increases more
-pressure decreases more

Question 8

Mechanics of breathing-Expiration during exercise

Answer 8

-Internal intercostals and rectus abdominals
-ribs move down and in more
-thoracic cavity volume decreases more
-pressure increases more

Question 9

What is partial pressure?

Answer 9

pressure exerted by an individual gas held in a mixture of gases

Question 10

Untrained values at rest

Answer 10

BR=12-15 b/min
TV=500ml
VE=6-7.5 l/min

Question 11

Trained values at rest

Answer 11

BR=11-12 b/min
TV=500 ml
VE=5.5-6 l/min

Question 12

Untrained values at maximal exercise

Answer 12

BR=40-50 b/min
TV=2.5-3 l
VE=100-150 l/min

Question 13

Trained values at maximal exercise

Answer 13

BR=50-60 b/min
TV= 3-3.5 l/min
VE= 160-210 l/min