The Respiratory System Flashcards
What are the main roles of respiratory system
1 Import o2 from atmosphere into body to make energy
2 to elminate co2 waste product of metabolism
WhT are the intercostal muscles
Between ribs outer Layer external intercostals - inspiration
Inner layer int intercostals expiratory
Inspiration
Inspirations muscles contractions the chest wall expands causing lung walls to expand
Expiration quiet and active
Quiet (passive) relaxation of inspiration muscles allows lungs and chest walll to recol to og position
Active simultaneous comtractoon of expiratory and relaxation of inspirtatory muscles
Trachea
Increased rigidity due to cartilidge prevents collapsing not much flexibility
Bronchi
Less cartilage increase in smooth muscle
Bronchioles
Cartilidge absent more flexibility allows change in diameter and resistance to airflow
The epithelium
Goblet cells - secrete mucus which keeps airways hydrated and help to revive foreign particles
Ciliated cells help removal of inhaled forge in particles by propelling mucus towards glottis and phyranx
Clearing of airways
Ciliated cells propel mucus towards upper airways which can be Eliminated through digestive system mouth and nasal cavity thus essential for maintenance of homeostasis
Factors influencing gas exchange between alveoli and blood
The thickness of respiratory membrane
Gas partial pressure
Temperature
Presence of surfactant in alveoli
Humidity
Gas solubility
Blood flow
What are capacities
Derived from volumes 2
TidL volume
Volume of air displaced between normal inhalation and exportation at rest
IRV insp reserve. Ol
Maximum vol of air that can be inhaled after normal inhalation
ERV exp reserve vol
Maximum vol of air that can be expired after normal exhalation.
Residual vol
Vol of air remaining in lung after max exhilarion
