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My Medical Terminology > The Reproductive Systems > Flashcards

The Reproductive Systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix (neck of uterus)

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2
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

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3
Q

-gravida

A

pregnant

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4
Q

gynec/o

A

woman, female

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5
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus

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6
Q

mast/o

A

breast

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7
Q

men/o

A

menstruation, menses

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8
Q

orchid/o

A

testicles

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9
Q

ov/o

A

egg, ovum

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10
Q

ovari/o

A

ovary

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11
Q

-para

A

to give birth

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12
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation

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13
Q

salping/o

A

fallopian tube

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14
Q

test/i

A

testicle, testis

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15
Q

vagin/o

A

vagina

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16
Q

abruptio placentae

A

a disorder in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus.

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17
Q

amenorrhea

A

an abnormal absence of menstrual periods for 90 days or more.

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18
Q

amniocentesis

A

surgical puncture with a needle to obtain a specimen of amniotic fluid to evaluate fetal health and to diagnose certain congenital disorders.

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19
Q

andropause

A

marked by the decrease of the male hormone testosterone; the gradual hormonal change usually begins when a man is in his 40s, and can cause low energy, depression, a reduction in muscle mass, and difficulty sleeping or concentrating.

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20
Q

Apgar score

A

“a scale of 1 to 10 to evaluate a newborn infant’s physical status at 1 and 5 minutes after birth.”

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21
Q

azoospermia

A

the absence of sperm in the semen.

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22
Q

cervical dysplasia

A

the presence of precancerous changes in the cells that make up the inner lining of the cervix.

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23
Q

cervicitis

A

inflammation of the cervix.

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24
Q

chlamydia

A

a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis.

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25
Q

chorionic villus sampling

A

examination of cells retrieved from the chorionic villi between the 11th and 14th weeks of pregnancy.

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26
Q

colostrum

A

specialized form of breast milk that delivers essential nutrients and antibodies that the newborn can digest; produced by the mammary glands in late pregnancy and during the first few days after giving birth.

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27
Q

colporrhaphy

A

surgical suturing of a tear in the vagina.

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28
Q

colposcopy

A

direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix, vagina, and vulva.

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29
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

pain caused by uterine contractions during a menstrual period.

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30
Q

eclampsia

A

a serious condition characterized by seizures and coma that can develop during or after pregnancy from uncontrolled preeclampsia.

31
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

a dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted and begins to develop outside of the uterus.

32
Q

endometriosis

A

a condition in which patches of endometrial tissue escape the uterus and become attached to other structures in the pelvic cavity.

33
Q

epididymitis

A

inflammation of the epididymis.

34
Q

episiotomy

A

a surgical incision made into the perineum to enlarge the vaginal orifice to prevent tearing of tissues as the infant moves out of the birth canal.

35
Q

fibroadenoma

A

a round, rubbery, firm mass that arises from excess growth of glandular and connective tissue in the breast.

36
Q

galactorrhea

A

the production of breast milk in women who are not breast feeding.

37
Q

gonorrhea

A

a highly contagious sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

38
Q

hematospermia

A

the presence of blood In the semen.

39
Q

hydrocele

A

a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum along the spermatic cord leading from the testicles.

40
Q

hypomenorrhea

A

an unusually small amount of menstrual fluid during a shortened menstrual period.

41
Q

hysterectomy

A

surgical removal of the uterus.

42
Q

hysterosalpingography

A

an x-ray examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes.

43
Q

hysteroscopy

A

the direct visual examination of the interior of the uterus and fallopian tubes.

44
Q

lactation

A

the process of forming and secreting milk from the breasts as nourishment for the infant.

45
Q

leukorrhea

A

a whitish mucous discharge from the uterus and vagina.

46
Q

mastalgia

A

pain in the breast.

47
Q

mastopexy

A

elective surgery to affix sagging breasts in a more elevated position.

48
Q

menarche

A

the beginning of menstruation.

49
Q

menometrorrhagia

A

excessive uterine bleeding at both the usual time of menstrual periods and at other irregular intervals.

50
Q

neonate

A

the newborn infant is known as a neonate during the first 4 weeks after birth.

51
Q

nullipara

A

a woman who has never borne a viable child.

52
Q

obstetrician

A

a physician who specializes in providing medical care to women during pregnancy, childbirth, and immediately thereafter.

53
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

“irregular or very light menstruation in a woman with previously normal periods.”

54
Q

oophorectomy

A

surgical removal of one or both ovaries.

55
Q

orchiectomy

A

surgical removal of one or both testicles.

56
Q

orchiopexy

A

the repair of cryptorchidism, which is an undescended testicle.

57
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease

A

any inflammation of the female reproductive organs not associated with surgery or pregnancy.

58
Q

perimenopause

A

the transition phase between regular menstrual periods and no periods at all.

59
Q

Peyronie’s disease

A

a form of sexual dysfunction in which the penis is bent or curved during erection.

60
Q

placenta previa

A

abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower portion of the uterus.

61
Q

polyystic ovary syndrome

A

a condition characterized by an imbalance of reproductive hormones.

62
Q

postpartum

A

after childbirth.

63
Q

preeclampsia

A

a complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension, edema, and proteinuria.

64
Q

priapism

A

a painful erection that lasts four hours or more but is not accompanied by sexual excitement.

65
Q

primigravida

A

a woman during her first pregnancy.

66
Q

primipara

A

a woman who has borne one viable child.

67
Q

salpingo-oophorectomy

A

surgical removal of a fallopian tube and ovary.

68
Q

syphilis

A

a sexually transmitted disease that is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum.

69
Q

trichomoniasis

A

a sexually transmitted infection caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.

70
Q

uterine prolapse

A

“a condition in which the weakening of pelvic muscles and supportive tissues allows the uterus to slide from its normal position in the pelvic cavity and sag into the vagina.”

71
Q

vaginismus

A

an involuntary spasm of the pelvic floor muscles that close off the vagina.

72
Q

varicocele

A

a knot of widening varicose veins in one side of the scrotum.

73
Q

vasovasostomy

A

a procedure performed as an attempt to restore fertility to a vasectomized male.

74
Q

vulvodynia

A

a painful syndrome of unknown cause characterized by chronic burning, dyspareunia, itching, or stinging irritation of the vulva.

My Medical Terminology (16 decks)

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