The reproductive system 1

Question 1

Produces male and female gametes

Answer 1

-Oocyte
-Sperm
Enhances fertilisation of an oocyte by a sperm
->Female: nurtures new individual until birth
-Produces reproductive hormones which control the above processes
Birth -> biological Sex
-Female (vagina)
-Male (penis)
-Intersex (variation)
->Anatomy doesn’t always dictate gender identity -> covering biological sex
The male reproductive system: testes, epididymides, ducta
deferentia, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and penis
The female reproductive system: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus,
vagina, and mammary glands

Question 2

Male reproductive system - overview

Answer 2

Organs:
-Testes
-Penis
Ducts:
-Epididymis
-Ductus deferens
-Urethra
Glands:
-Seminal vesicles
-Prostate

Question 3

Testes – anatomy

Answer 3

Testes covered in:
-Fibrous connective tissue (under skin- scrotum)
Each testis contains:
-Connective tissue which forms lobes
-Seminiferous tubules (produce sperm)
-Rete testis -> efferent ductules
-Epididymis
-Ductus deferens
-Leydig cells (outside seminiferous tubule) ->produce testosterone

Question 4

Gametogenesis

Answer 4

Gametogenesis: formation of the male and female gametes
->Gametes: (ovum and spermatozoa)
-Oogonium / primary oocytes and spermatogonium
-Females: oogenesis
-Males: spermatogenesis
->Occurs in the gonads (ovary or testis

Question 5

Meiosis

Answer 5

-One cell undergoes two
consecutive cell divisions ->produces four daughter cells, each with half as many chromosomes as the parent cell
Termed:
-> Meiosis I (reduction division, 23)
-> Meiosis II
-During fertilization, zygote
receives 1 set of chromosomes
(23) from each parent

Question 6

Seminiferous tubule

Answer 6

Where sperm formed -> mature in lumen, immature on outside
-Leydig cells (produce testosterone)
-Sertoli cells (nourish the germ cells and produce hormones)
->Germ cells partially embedded

Question 7

Spermatogenesis

Answer 7

-Creation of sperm cells within the male gonads (testes)

Question 8

Testes: function

Answer 8

Testes:
-Exocrine – produce sperm
-Endocrine – produce hormone
Spermatogenesis:
-Process of sperm maturation
-Involves both mitosis & meiosis
-Takes ~ 74 days to complete (incl maturation)

Question 9

Spermatogenesis –seminiferous tubules