The Reformation Quiz Flashcards
1
Q
Moveable printing press
A
- Invented in 1440
- Holy Roman Empire (HRE)
- Spread ideas
- Made books more available and cheaper/stimulated the growth of literacy
- Considered one of the top three inventions
- Bible printed in English, French, and German, more than just Latin
2
Q
Reform definition
A
- Creating a new perspective of something
3
Q
Christian Church Reformation
A
- Before reformation, only the Catholic church
- CAUSES:
- The Renaissance!
- People faced uncertainty
- Wealth was distributed unevenly
- Humanism vs Christianity
- Germans against the church because of the Italian domination
- Burned anyone who disagreed/ questioned with them
4
Q
Protestantism
A
- Created by people who didn’t agree with the Catholic Church
- Started as a protest movement against the injustices of the Catholic Church, then became a religion
5
Q
Church corruption
A
- Way too much power and wealth, 1/3rd of all land in Europe
- Sale of indulgences: “buy your way to heaven” piece of paper that says your sins are forgiven
- Simony: sale of religious practices and positions
- Incompetent or ignorant priests
- Relics
6
Q
John Wycliffe
A
- 1331-1385
- Advocate for translating the bible into English
- Writings were banned
- After his death, declared a heretic and enemy of Catholic church
- Corpse was taken out, burned, and his ashes were thrown into a river
7
Q
Jan Huss
A
- 1369-1415
- Considered the first church reformer
- Declared heretic for going against Catholic church
- Burned at the stake
8
Q
Martin Luther
A
- 1483-1546
- From German state of Saxony
- Quit law school to become a monk/teacher
- Took a stand against the Catholic church in 1517
- Specifically against a friar named John Tetzel who sold indulgences
- WROTE THE 95 THESES
- Created the Lutheran religion
- Salvation by faith alone
- Bible as ultimate authority
- All humans equal before God (including pope and priests)
- Diet of Worms: trial of Luther, where he refused to abandon his ideas
- Luther declared outlaw
- Hid in Saxony until uproar ended
- Birth of the Protestant church
9
Q
John Calvin
A
- 1509-1564
- Settled in Geneva, Switzerland
- Reformer
- Wrote “Institutes of the Christian religion”
- Expanded protestant religion - Calvinists
Calvinism: - No free will
- Predestination: God’s plan
- Faith revealed by living righteous, simple life
- Good work ethic
10
Q
Calvinism places
A
- France/Switzerland: Calvinists
- England: Puritans & Separatists
- Scotland: Presbyterians
- Holland: Dutch Reform
- France: Huguenots
- Germany: Reform Church
11
Q
King Henry VIII
A
- 1491-1547
- “Defender of the faith”
- Needed a son to be his heir
- Catherine of Aragon was his wife (originally his brother’s wife but he died)
- Catherine only gave him a daughter (Mary)
- Convinced she would not give any more children
- He asked the Pope to annul his marriage and let him marry someone younger - Anne Boleyn
- Pope did not let him divorce because Catholics couldn’t divorce
- Henry changed the country’s religion so he could marry Anne Boleyn
12
Q
Church of England
A
- Act of Supremacy: subjects took oath saying they were loyal to the church of England and not Pope
- Church of England took the lands and money from the Catholic church
- Henry VIII was the head of the church of England
13
Q
Queen Elizabeth I
A
- Daughter of Anne Boleyn
- Ruled 45 years
- Returned England to Protestantism
- The virgin queen (never married - kept power) (Virginia)
Accomplishments: - Formed church - Anglican
- Age of Exploration
- Victory over Spanish Armada
- British sea power for centuries
14
Q
Anglican Church
A
- Created by Queen Elizabeth I
- Combined both Catholic and protestant ideas
- Priests could marry (P)
- Service in English language (P)
- Robes and pageantry/fancy stuff (C)
- Rituals and book of common prayer (C)
- Tolerance for both
