Age of Exploration Flashcards
Prince Henry
Explored for: Portugal
Important Notes:
- Started a school of navigation
- Encouraged exploration
- Contributed to a lot of expeditions, although he did not explore himself
Vasco Da Gama
Explored for: Portugal
Area that he explored: India
Important Notes:
- Sailed around the bottom of Africa to the Indian Ocean
- He paid for valuable cargo
- He paid for a voyage
Christopher Columbus
Explored for: Spain
Area that he explored: North America
Important Notes:
- Made it to “India” (actually North America)
- Persecuted Taino and other natives
- Taught Cortez how to be mean to natives
Christopher Columbus
Explored for: Spain
Area that he explored: North America
Important Notes:
- Made it to “India” (actually North America)
- Persecuted Taino and other natives
- Taught Hernan Cortez how to be mean to natives
Ferdinand Magellan
Explored for: Spain
Area that he explored: South America/Strait of Magellan
Important Notes:
- First person (credited) to circumnavigate the world
- He technically he died before he could finish the trip but his crew completed the trip
- Opened up Westwood routes to indies
- Shown it was possible to sail the world
Hernan Cortez/s
Explored for: Spain
Area that he explored: Mexico/Aztecs
Important Notes:
- Took over Mexico and destroyed the Aztec Empire
- Made a powerful army
- Killed the Aztecs and their leader
- Learned how to be mean to people from Columbus
- Taught Francisco Pizarro how to be mean to people
Francisco Pizarro
Explored for: Spain
Area that he explored: South America/Incans
Important Notes:
- Captured the Incan emperor
- Conquered the Incans through killing their emperor
- Learned how to be mean to people from Hernan Cortez
Francis Drake
Explored for: England
Area that he explored: Around the world
Important Notes:
- He claimed the area where present day California is
- Second to travel around the world but he survived
- Defeated the Spanish Armada (a group of military ships) which assisted in ending Spanish dominance
Jacques Cartier
Explored for: France
Area that he explored: North East Canada and St. Lawrence River
Important Notes:
- Claimed territory for France and around St. Lawrence river in what would become Quebec, Canada
Bartolome de las casas
- Spaniard
- Actually cared about the bad things they were doing to the Native Americans
- Writes “A short account of the destruction of the Indies”
- Wanted to protect the Natives
- However, he said people should instead treat the Africans this way, which discredited him.
What were the motivations for exploration?
GOLD: demand for gold, spices, and natural resources in Europe
GOD: support for the diffusion of Christianity
GLORY: political and economic competition between European countries
*Also, when Constantinople is taken over by the Turks in 1453, they make people pay more taxes which leads people to explore new maritime routes for trade.
Indigenous
The native people to a location.
What economic policy of competition encouraged each country to gain wealth and power?
Mercantilism: Mother country having control over a colony and the colonies only purpose is to benefit the mother country.
Circumnavigation
Magellan and Drake. Means to sail around the world.
Columbian Exchange
Not a trade. Exchange of goods and ideas not used for the benefit of themselves, only to experience the new ideas. Also exchange of European diseases, which killed millions of native people in the Americas.
- Led to the use of African slaves
- Destroyed the native people
