The Reformation And The Renisannce Flashcards
Reformation
The struggle by religious leaders to reform the church from corrupt political actions to pure religious acts
Philip IV of France and taxes
Numerous wars left the French king bankrupt, so he ordered the pope to make all churches pay a tax and surrender some of their lands
Pope Boniface VII
He refused the order of the king and threatening to excommunicate Philip IV. So Philip IV ordered his men to rough up the pope in a show of authority, the injuries the pope sustained ultimately Led to his death
College of Cardinals
The group of religious leaders responsible for electing the pope, of which king Philip IV put pressure un to submit to his authorities
Move to Avignon
The French pope Clement V was selected and with the “advice” of the king, moved the papacy to Avignon, France
The French troubles
When the papacy was in Avignon France and struggles with family, plague, and war for 70 years so the people believed it was a curse from God for leaving Rome
Pope Urban VI
He was an Italian pope who blamed all the church troubles were caused by the French and he would remove all French cardinals
The great schism (1378- 1414)
The catholic church split into two separate churches; one is loyal to the Roman Pope and the other to the French pope
Pope Clement VII
The French fled to France because they feared violence from pope Urban VI so this fled to France, repeated him as their pope, and elected a French pope Clement VII
Concilliar movement
The cardinals came together to end the great schism and deposed the first two popes, choosing to elect a new Roman pope
Erasmus ( 1466-1536)
One of the earliest leaders of the reformation
The philosophy of Christ
The belief that Christianity should be a guiding philosophy for daily life not a system of practices that bind the church
Martin Luther
The most famous Protestant reformer
Ninety-five theses
A fiery accusation on the wrong doings of the church.it was nailed to the door of castle church of Wittenberg, Germany.
Diet of worms 1521
Luther was sent before the imperial diet of the German church in the city of worms
Edict of worms
Luther was excommunicated from the empire and his works were to be destroyed. Even after this he began preaching and sending out pamphlets to encourage reform and his ideas spread quickly through Germany
Henry VIII
The king of England, he radically changed the relationship with the Catholic Church. His wife Catherine of Aragon did not have a son and he wanted a divorce so he could marry again and produce a male heir. He was excommunicated and formed the Church of England making Protestantism the official religion of England
The act of supremacy
It declared that the king was the highest political and religious authority in the land
Bloody Mary
The daughter of Catherine of Aragon who
Reigned after the death of Henry. She favored her motor and reversed all the Protestant changes in England. She tried to force Protestants to renounce their faith but had difficulty undoing her father started. She ordered 280 Protestants to be burned for religious treason
Elizabeth I
The daughter o Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn she reigned after Mary but she supported the Protestant beliefs of he father. She encouraged religious toleration and the acceptance of both the Protestant and Catholic faiths
Johann Sebastian Bach
His work showed his great desire to worship God with music. He served as the organist to the court in Germany and composed his great works on the organ and harpsicord
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
An Austrian child prodigy who gave his first harpsichord concert at 6 and his first opera at 12
Ludwig van Beethoven
Composed beautiful symphonies while struggling with deafness. He is most known for his 5th and 9th symphonies
Leonardo di Vinci & works
He was a great inventor, sculptor, and painter. He was a perfectionist that wanted t portray man as he truly existed.
He’s best known for his two most popular works: the last supper and Mona Lisa.
