the Psychoanylytic Approach Flashcards
Lecture 3 + 4
back story to Freud
20th century
Viennese Neurologist
- he trained as a medical doc but was more interested in research & the mind
- worked with Breuer -> both developed “Talking Cure”
what did Charcot do?
studied mass hysteria (now called conversion disorder) & influenced Breuer and Freud
describe steps to the Talking Cure
Step 1: Hypnotize patient, or allow for free association
Step 2: Talk with patient to reveal psychological anxiety/neurosis
Step 3: Patient has “catharsis”—insight into psychological problem
Step 4: Physical symptom disappears
Bio cause of hysteria?
remember woman paralyzed w/ no bio problems
The emotional centers of the brain activated
– Inhibit motor centers of the brain from coordinating movement
what are the 3 Psychoanylytic assumptions of freud?
- Psychological Determinism
- importance of the unconscious
- defence mechanisms
- importance of early childhood experiences
what are the 3 levels of consciousness? Explain each
- pre-conscious (accessible
- conscious (thinking abt rn)
- unconscious (repressed)
where do the Id, Ego and Superego fall in unconsiousand unconscious?
ego- mostly conscious
superego- somewhat conscious
Id- unconscious
Who is Carl Jung?
Freud’s student who believed in 2 types of unconscious
personal unconscious- Freudian unconscious
collective unconscious- instinctive fears, evolutionary theory (unconscious passed down thru ancestors) ie fear of darkness, insects, etc
describe the Id
when does it develop? what does it conrtrol?
develops in infancy
pleasure- immediate gratificatipn
drives & urges
primary process thinking (illogical)
What is the Ego? when does it develop?
age 2
constrains Id to reality
reality principle- postponed id impulses
secondary process thinking (problem solving)
Superego? When does it develop/ewhats it do?
age 5
internalized values, morality of parents & society
suilt, shame, pride (self-conscious emotions)
not bound for reality- sets higher standards
conflicts between the Id, Ego, Superego lead to what?
ANXIETY
what are the defence mechanisms used to cope with anxiety according to Freud?
RDRDRPS!
Repression
- pushed out of awareness
Freud thought sexual today we think childhood trauma
Denial
- convincing that neg event didnt happen
Rationalization
- creating logical reasons for behavior that was motivated by unconscious desires
Displacement
- taking it out on someone else
Reaction Formation
- to stifle unacceptable impulse, the opposide behaviors are displayed (ie homophobia? Maybe you’re gay!
Projection
- seeing ones own unacceptable qualities inaothers & disliking htem for posessing those qualities
what has freud contributed to Psychological science & personality research?
talking cure- “free association” & “stream of consciousness”
mind-body connection
unconscious influences on behavior
case study method
Discuss Contemporary views of Repression
debate of whether we should validate previously unconscious memories of abuse
- courage to heal vs false memory syndrome (were able to have ppl remember)
- mental health of some imporved following recovered memories (some with drugs- ayahuasca & Psylocybin)
However, often, traumatic events cannot be repressed
- Cognative View of Unconscious
there’s an unconscious… 2 views
Motivated: we burry hidden needs/desires in the unconscious
Cognitive: perceived information may become unconscious & influence us, but it is not “buried”; it is in the pre-conscious
How does Subliminal Priming relate to cognitive unconscious?
subliminal priming occurs when we are not consciously aware that a stimulus is presented, but our unconscious may receive it, and it can influence us
what are some examples of Subliminal Priming?
Lipton Iced Tea- primed with tea or nonsense words -> more likely to buy tea if thirsty
Ad’s on TV
- Ego Psychology
Anna Freud & Erik Erikson
focused on the conscious views of the self & the strengths of self-consciousness
How did Eriksons 8 states of development differ/relate from Freuds?
cover the entire lifespan, allow for development in adulthood,
similar: each stage had conflict, failure to resolve conflict -> fixation/crisis
- Narcissims
define the narcissistic paradox
ppl who seemingly think they’re great may feel insecure underneath
Who were Echo and Narcissus?
Echo- a beautiful god & narcissus was too infactuated with his own reflection to notice her
what are some DSM characteristics of narcissism?
grandiosity, dominance, entitlement, superiority
in non-clinical cases, what does narcissism look like?
excessively positive view of self accompanied by a nagative view of others
- bragging, egotism, superiority, derogation of others, entitlement
