THE PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY PERIOD Flashcards
CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE
The works of contemporary literature reflect the social and political views of their authors. These are shown through the characters, the connections with the events, and the socio- economic messages of their works.
POINT OF VIEW
CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE
The development of ______ as a narrative technique represents an innovation in 20th-century contemporary literature. This revolutionary technique is marked by a deep social and political character.
magical realism
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE POSTWAR
From 1941 to 1945, Philippine literature was interrupted in its development when the Philippines was again occupied by Japan.
Philippine literature in English came to halt.
Writers had a renewed attention to literature in the Filipino language.
Dominated by writers in English who were educated and trained in writers’ workshops in the United States or England
1. Edilberto and Edith Tiempo (novelists, poet)
2. Francisco Arcellana (short-fictionist)
3. Ricaredo Demetillo (poet-critic)
4. Amador Daguio (poet-fictionist)
5. Carlos Angeles (poet)
6. N.V.M. Gonzalez (fictionist)
7. Bienvenido N. Santos (fictionist)
With their credentials and solid reputations, these writers influenced the form and direction of the next generation of writers mainly in accordance with the tenets of the formalist New Critics of America and England.
CHARACTERISTICS OF PHILIPPINE POSTWAR LITERATURE
18th century literary, artistic, and philosophical movement
Reaction against neoclassicism
Emphasizes the imagination and emotions
ROMANTICISM
CHARACTERISTICS OF PHILIPPINE POSTWAR LITERATURE
Exalting one’s nation above all others
Placing primary emphasis on the promotion of the nation’s culture and welfare before those of other nations.
NATIONALISM
the quality or state of having freedom from being controlled by others
independence
In Philippine postwar literature, natural scenery is praised and described.
nature
Characters in Philippine postwar literature were portrayed as being able to express their feelings through their thoughts, words, and actions.
expression of feelings
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE DURING MARTIAL LAW
Proclamation No. 1081 by former President Ferdinand Marcos on September 21, 1972
Prominent political figures and media personalities openly critical of the government were arrested, incarcerated, and/or went missing.
Literary works emerged to expose, narrate, or express anomalies, conspiracies, and leftist views about “military abuses against citizens, economic plunder by bureaucrats and cronies of the regime, and impoverishment of the masses.”
- sometimes called revolutionary literature refers to works that express distaste, disagreement, or transgression to the present government, applicable to the current political, social, and/or economic conditions of the country when the works were written
A notable example was Lualhati Bautista’s Dekada ’70
PROTEST LITERATURE
- refers to literary works written by working-class authors about the working class
- It shows the experiences and struggles of the working class.
- PROLETARIAN LITERATURE
- Refers to literary works produced by authors who are incarcerated or confined in a secluded area such as a prison cell
- During martial law, the government arrested not only political and media dissidents but also writers and scholars.
- PRISON LITERATURE
- refers to literary works that express social and political transgression through metaphors, allegories, symbolisms, etc.
prevalent from 1972 to 1983; the artists’ way of “talking about and speaking the truth” - used subtle codes and symbols so that the Marcos regime’s censors and inspectors do not notice the subversive message in the works
- CIRCUMVENTION LITERATURE
- Works that aimed to effect social change through portraying the truths of society, everyday happenings, current events, and interaction and disparity of social classes are classified as depicting social realism
SOCIAL REALISM IN PROTEST LITERATURE
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE POST-EDSA REVOLUTION (1986–1995)
NOTABLE EVENTS IN THE LITERARY SCENE POST-MARTIAL LAW
critics such as Virgilio Almario, Isagani Cruz, and Soledad Reyes embarked on different approaches, post-structuralist and postcolonial, in reading Philippine writing.
Publishers who produced and embarked on nontraditional projects (anthologies, novels, poems, etc.) emerged, such as Anvil Publishing, New Day Publishers, and Solidaridad Publishing House.
The rise of gays’ and women’s writings, including male authors writing about women, enabled the flourishing of gay and feminist discourse. The poem entitled “The Way We Live” (1992) by Danton Remoto was one of the early poems during the 1990s that was written by an author from the gay community.
Post-EDSA writings paved the way for the development of vernacular literature, or literature written using the daily speech of common people, which also became a source of regional literary histories.
