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PAP > The Periodontium: Anatomy & Function > Flashcards

The Periodontium: Anatomy & Function Flashcards

1
Q

what does periodontium compromise of

A

gingiva
PDL
alveolar bone
cementum

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2
Q

what si th function of periodontium

A
  • attachment of teeth to the jaws

- support during masticatory function

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3
Q

what seen at gingival margin

A

free gingiva - not actually attached - sulcus in health

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4
Q

where does gingiva end

A

Mucogingival Junction

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5
Q

what sialevolar mucosa

A

mobile alveolar mucosa

appears red so see underlying blood vessels not keratinised

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6
Q

gingiva divided into 2

A

free

attached

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7
Q

what is free gingiva

A

coronal to the epi attachment

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8
Q

attached

A

tightly bound to underlying bone -mucoperiosteum

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9
Q

what sit he function of the gingiva

A

attachment between oral mucous mem and teeth

prevent bac invasion

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10
Q

in heath gingiva is attached

A

to the teeth at or just corona to ACJ

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11
Q

what does gingiva compromise of

A

fibrous CT covered by epi

extends from mucogingial junction to tooth surface

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12
Q

gingival health

A 
stippled
pink
ifirm 
interdental papillae fill spaces 
no BOP
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13
Q

what overlies gingiva

A

Stratified squamous epi

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14
Q

what is start sq epi compose of

A

keratinocytes

non keratinocytes

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15
Q

what are some non keratinocytes (clear cells) in epi

A

langerhans cells
melanocytes
lymphocytes
merkel cells

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16
Q

what are langerhans cells

A

defence

APC

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17
Q

what are melanocytes

A

prod pigment - melanin

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18
Q

what are merkel cells

A

slow adapt sensory touch receptors

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19
Q

what are the layers of keratinised sites

A

basal cells layer
prickle cell layer
granular cell layer
keratinised

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20
Q

what is a life cycle keratinocyte

A

cell div at basal layer
move through epi to surface
cels increase size and become more flat and keratin produced
differentiation

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21
Q

where is non keratinised ares

A

alveolar mucosa

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22
Q

during epi diff what are syn

A

mem coat granules in prickle and granular cell layers

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23
Q

what doe MCG contain

A

lipids discharges into space for barrier free perm water and water sol subs

24
Q

where is oral sulcular epi

A

faces towards th tooth but not attached

25
Q

what is junctional epi

A

weak point in gingiva

contact with tooth

26
Q

oral gigniavle epi profile

A

start squamous epi
orhtokeratinised
- keratin cels flatt and no nuclei

27
Q

what are rte pegs

A

papillae go int unduly CT oral gingival epi

28
Q

what is oral sulcular epi profile

A 
lines gingival sulcus 
face tooth surface 
ono keratinsied
shallow rete peg pattern 
no epi attach
29
Q

what does JE from

A

epi attach of tooth

30
Q

what do semi desmosomes do

A

anchor basal keratinocytes to base mem

31
Q

how is JE formed

A

fusion REE with oral epi on tooth eruption

32
Q

where does jE stabilise

A

near ACJ

33
Q

where does JE terminate

A

coronally in the base of gingival crevice

34
Q

how are JE cells orientated

A

parallel to tooth surface

35
Q

what si the turnover of JE

A

every 4-11 days

36
Q

what can enter JE for defence

A

neutrophils

37
Q

how are JE dif

A

poorly differentiated and don’t syn MCG

38
Q

whats the gingiva CT

A

main component gingiva
vascular CT
prod by fibroblast

39
Q

what are the main components CT

A

collagen fibres 60%

ECM

40
Q

wha are the cell types in CT

A

fibroblasts
macrophages
polymorphs
lymphocytes and plasma cells

41
Q

what are fibroblasts

A

spindle shaped or stellate

oval nuc

42
Q

what are macrophages

A

inflame fence cells

43
Q

who is collagen in CT arranged

A

bundles type 1 collagen

  • circular
  • trans sepal
  • dentogingival
  • dentoperiosteal
  • crystal
44
Q

what does ct do

A

attaches gingival tissues tooth and bone

45
Q

what are crystal fibres

A

fan out from the crest of alveolar bone into the attached gingiva

46
Q

what is the CT ECM

A

complex network polysacs and proteins sec by cells

  • struct element
  • development
  • physiology
47
Q

ECM sun by

A

fibroblast

48
Q

what does ECM include in it

A

GAGs
proteoglycans
glycprotiens

49
Q

what si most common GAG

A

hyalouronan

50
Q

what are GAGs

A

-ve charge long unbranched polysac
- bind a lot water
- compressive forces resisted act as hydrostatic cushion
nutrient transport

51
Q

what is the PDL

A

sp vasc CT

  • continuous with gingiva an pulp
  • derived dental follicle
  • fibros attach tooth
52
Q

where does PDL insert

A

root cementum one side and onto alveolar bone on th other

53
Q

what sit he physical function of pDL

A

attach teeth - support
abs- transmission forces
tooth moveemtn

54
Q

what are the other functions of PDL

A

tissue formation
nutrition to bone and cementum
sensory

55
Q

what senses does PDL pick uup

A 
mechanoreception 
touch
reflexes
noccieption 
pain
56
Q

what sit he variable width of PDL

A

range 0.15mm to 0.38mm

thinnest in middle 1/3 of tooth

decreases width with age

PAP (4 decks)

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