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PAP > Anatomy and function 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy and function 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is PDL structure

A 
principle fibres 
loose CT 
blast and class cells
oxytalan fibres
cell rests of malazzes
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2
Q

what is in loose CT

A 
collagen fibres 
fibroblasts 
ground sub - gags 
cells 
nerves 
vessels - blood and lymphatic
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3
Q

what ar the principal fibres

A

attach to cementum to bone

- SHRPEYS

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4
Q

how are the principle/sharpey fibres arranged

A 
oblique 
apical
horizontal
alveolar crest 
inter radicular
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5
Q

what si the collagen in PDL

A

main type 1

some type 3 and 2

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6
Q

type 3 collagen is

A

more fibrillar some elasticity with it

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7
Q

what turns collagen over

A

formation

broken down by fibroblasts

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8
Q

how often is PDL turnover

A

half life approx 3 days around apex

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9
Q

what are celsin loose CT

A

fibroblasts
undiff mesenchymal cells
defence cells

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10
Q

what does PDl ECM include

A

hyalouronan
heparin sulpahte
chondroitin-4,6- sulphate

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11
Q

ECM is imp for bind…

A

water
hydrostatic cushion
withstand forces of mastication

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12
Q

what si the nerve of PDL

A

autonomic

primary afferent

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13
Q

what si the autonomic nerve supply of PDL

A

symp
- c fibres
vasocons

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14
Q

what is the primary afferent nerve supply in PDL

A

mechnaorceeptos a delta

nociceptor

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15
Q

what si the term to describe the blood vessels assc with pulp

A

heavy anastomosis

dense 3d network

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16
Q

what are the 3 principle sources of blood vesless

A

apical
perforating
gingival

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17
Q

what are blast cells

A

add totissue

from undiff CT cells

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18
Q

what do blasts cells form

A

cemntobasts

osteoblasts

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19
Q

what are clast cells

A

from bone marrow
remove tissue
multinucleate cells
appear on resorbing surface

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20
Q

what do cost cells for

A

cemtoclasts

osteoclasts

21
Q

what are oxytalin fibres

A

elastic
unique PDL
insert to ceemtum

22
Q

hat are the 2 directions the pxtalin fibres run

A

paralel to rot surface

oblique to root surface

23
Q

what is the function of oxytalin fibres

A

maintain potency blood vessel during occlusion

diced fibroblast migration during erutipn

24
Q

what are the rest cells of malassez

A

remnants epi HERS

25
Q

what do cell rests of malaisez do

A

plexus form around tooth
prevent ankylosis
cyst formation

26
Q

wat is the alv bone

A

max and mand bone surround/support tooth

cancellous with compact covering

27
Q

what inserts onto alvbone

A

PDL fibres

sharpeys fibres

28
Q

what is bundle bone

A

tooth attach to bone - socket

29
Q

what perforates the bundle bone

A

blood vessels - CRIBORFOM PLATE

30
Q

in radiograph what is he opaque white line around the root

A

lamina dura

31
Q

what si the turnover of alv bone like

A

constant turnover
systemic + local factors
remodel in response to functional demands

32
Q

what does resorption factors target

A

osteoblasts which then instruct osteoclasts to remove bone

33
Q

what is cementum

A

mineralised tissue with similar composition to bone which covers the root surface

34
Q

what re the proeptires of cementum

A

less min than bone and dentine
avascular
not innervated

35
Q

what is cementum anchorage fro

A

PDL fibres onto teeth

sharpeys

36
Q

what are the types of cementum

A

cellular

acellular

37
Q

what is tissue homeostasis

A

controlled by synthesis and breakdown of tissue which ensures the maintenance of the compositor volume and integrity
respond to functional demands

38
Q

what stem cells

A

minority of cells in basal layer retain ability to divide throughout life
renewal epi

39
Q

epi turnover is influenced by factor affecting rate of

A 
cell division 
proliferation 
maturation 
move cell through prickle cell layer 
desquamation
40
Q

what are some hormones affect epi turnover

A

oestrogen (increases)
adrenaline (reduces)
corticosteroids (reduce)

41
Q

what are cytokines

A

proteins/glycoprotiens prod by various cell types which regulate growth and diff other cells

42
Q

what are some cytokines that stimulate keratinocyte division

A

TGF(alpha)

EGF

43
Q

what is a cytokine that inhibits keratinocyte division

A

TGF(beta)

44
Q

where does cell division occur

A

basal cell layer

45
Q

what are fibroblasts

A

responsible fro collagen and extracellular matrix

- sec collagenases - break collagen down

46
Q

how else do fibroblasts release collagenases

A

release tissue inhibitors of metalloproetinases which = colagenases

47
Q

what are the stimulatory cytokines that imp for CT turnover

A

PDGF
FGF
TGF(beta)

48
Q

what re some inhibitory cytokines that imp for CT turnover

A

IL-1

IFN(gamma)

49
Q

what are some factors stimulate local perio bone resorption

A

prostaglandin E2
IL-1
TNF(alpha and beta)

PAP (4 decks)

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