The periodic table, atomic structure and bonding

Question 1

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What are atoms made up of?

Answer 1

Electrons
Neutrons
Protons

Question 2

What is the neclues made up of?

Answer 2

Protons
Neutrons

Question 3

What do the electrons in an atom make and where are they?

Answer 3

The outer shell of the atom

Question 4

Are atoms postivitly charged?

Answer 4

It is neutrual as atoms hae tthe same number of proton’s and electrons

unless ionic bonding has taken place

Question 5

what is the atomic number

Answer 5

the number of protons in the nucleus
this is used to arrange the elements in the periodic table

Question 6

what is the atomic mass

Answer 6

the total mass of protons and neutrons

Question 7

what surrounds the nucleus

Answer 7

the shell

Question 8

what is the periodic table

Answer 8

the periodic table lists all elements

Question 9

2 differences of mendeleevs periodic table to the modern periodic table

Answer 9

mendeleevs periodic table didn’t have noble gases and it arranged the elements in atomic mass instead of atomic number

Question 10

what is in group 1 of the periodic table

Answer 10

alkali metals

Question 11

what is in group 2 of the periodic table

Answer 11

alkaline earth metals

Question 12

what is in group 7 of the periodic table

Answer 12

halogens

Question 13

what is in group 0 of the periodic table

Answer 13

noble gases

Question 14

what is sodium chloride made up of

Answer 14

one sodium atom and one chlorine atom

Question 15

what is potassim oxide made up of

Answer 15

2 potassium atoms and one oxygen atom

Question 16

what is magnesium chloride made up of

Answer 16

one magnesium atom and 2 chlorine atoms

Question 17

what is magnesium oxide made up of

Answer 17

1 magnesium and one oxygen

Question 18

what is alluminium chloride made up of

Answer 18

one alluminium atom and 3 chlorine atoms

Question 19

what is alluminium oxide made up of

Answer 19

2 alluminium atoms and 3 oxygen atoms

Question 20

waht are alkali metals

Answer 20

all alkali metals are soft grey solids they are very reactive and have to be stored in oil to stop them from reacting with the moisture in the air very reactive in water

Question 21

what happens if a small piece of sodium is added to water

Answer 21

if sodium is added it floats on the surface and moves about bubbles and a gas is produced and it sometimes burns with a yellow flame

Question 22

what happens if a piece of potassium is added to water

Answer 22

if a small piece of potasssium is added to water it floats on the surface there are bubbles as a gas is produced it burns in a lilac flame

Question 23

what happens if a piece of lithium is added to water

Answer 23

the lithium floats on the surface moves around and bubbles of gas are produced heat is released and a colourlesss solution is left

Question 24

what are ionic compounds

Answer 24

ionic compounds are compounds that contain a metal and a non metal for example sodium chloride

Question 25

how do you for an ionic compound

Answer 25

when an ionic compound forms from the atoms of its elements a transfer of electrons occurs metal atoms lose their outer shell and become a positive element and the non metal becomes a negative

Question 26

what is a covalent compound

Answer 26

when a non metal atom bond to form compounds they share electrons non metal atoms share electrons to get a full outer shell the shared electrons count towards the outer shell for both electrons

Question 27

how many shared pairs and lone pairs of electrons does a hydrogen molecule have

Answer 27

1 pair and 0 lone pairs

Question 28

how many shared pairs and lone pairs of electrons does a hydrogen chloride
molecule have

Answer 28

1 shaired pair and 3 lone pairs

Question 29

how many shared pairs and lone pairs of electrons does a water molecule have

Answer 29

2 shaired and 2 lone pairs